Cystic fibrosis: characterized by abnormally thick mucus in the lungs, intestines, and pancreas
A frameshift mutation completely changes the genetic code from the point of the mutation, so the protein made as a result of the mutation would have the incorrect structure and would not function as it should.
Here's a sample nucleotide sequence:AATUGCIf there was a nucleotide deletion (let's say the "G" gets deleted), the sequence would become:AATUCIf there was a nucleotide addition/insertion (let's say a "G" was added between "T' and "U"), the sequence would become:AATGUGCThe difference is that a deletion makes the DNA shorter and an insertion makes it longer.
Not all insertion or deletion mutations lead to a change in the amino acid sequence. If the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is a multiple of three, the reading frame remains intact, potentially resulting in no change to the amino acid sequence. However, if the insertion or deletion is not a multiple of three, it causes a frameshift mutation, which typically alters the entire downstream amino acid sequence. Thus, the effect depends on the specific nature of the mutation.
PKU (phenylketonuria) is a point mutation, specifically an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the PAH gene. This mutation leads to impaired metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine. It is not a frameshift mutation, which would involve an insertion or deletion of nucleotides, shifting the reading frame of the gene.
A mutation would have the most impact on allele frequency in a condition where it confers a significant survival or reproductive advantage, such as in situations of strong natural selection or environmental change. For example, in a population facing a new disease, a mutation that grants resistance could rapidly increase in frequency. Additionally, if the mutation leads to a drastic change in phenotype that enhances mating success, it could also quickly alter allele frequencies through sexual selection. Overall, the strength of selection pressure and the context of the environment are critical in determining the mutation's impact.
the best answer for this one would be callises, they combined easy
An insertion/deletion event.
A point mutation is never a frameshift mutation because it involves the substitution of a single nucleotide for another rather than the insertion or deletion of nucleotides that would disrupt the reading frame of a gene.
Deletion mutations can affect the entire base sequence.
The three types of mutations are substitution (where one base is replaced with another), insertion (where an extra base is added), and deletion (where a base is removed). These mutations can alter the DNA sequence and potentially change the resulting protein.
One common example of a substitution mutation is a point mutation where one nucleotide base is replaced by another. This can lead to changes in the amino acid sequence of a protein during translation. An example would be a mutation where a Cytosine (C) is substituted for a Thymine (T) in the DNA sequence.
A point mutation will change only one particular base of the codon, so it will only cause a change in one of the amino acids that will make up the protein. A deletion mutation will completely remove a base- causing a change in every amino acid that follows the deletion. Here is an example with a sentence, using three letter words (since amino acids are determined from 3 letter codons). THE FAT CAT ATE ONE RAT. A point mutation would change only one letter (like changing the C to a B). The new sentence is only slightly changed: THE FAT BAT ATE ONE RAT. A deletion mutation would remove a letter (like deleting the C). The new sentence will now be completely changed from the deletion on. THE FAT ATA TEO NER AT. See the difference??? Point mutations usually take place during DNA replication. A single point mutation can change the whole DNA sequence.
A point mutation will change only one particular base of the codon, so it will only cause a change in one of the amino acids that will make up the protein. A deletion mutation will completely remove a base- causing a change in every amino acid that follows the deletion. Here is an example with a sentence, using three letter words (since amino acids are determined from 3 letter codons). THE FAT CAT ATE ONE RAT. A point mutation would change only one letter (like changing the C to a B). The new sentence is only slightly changed: THE FAT BAT ATE ONE RAT. A deletion mutation would remove a letter (like deleting the C). The new sentence will now be completely changed from the deletion on. THE FAT ATA TEO NER AT. See the difference??? Point mutations usually take place during DNA replication. A single point mutation can change the whole DNA sequence.
There are 3 types of mutations that are possible. Insertion Substitution Deletion If we use a bit of logic and knowledge to figure out what each action does, then we can find out the answer. Insertion will the Insert. Substitution will be Substitute. Deletion will be Delete. To insert would mean to put into. To substitute would mean to replace. To delete would mean to take away. Using that knowledge we can assume that the type of mutation that occurred is deletion.
There are 3 types of mutations that are possible. Insertion Substitution Deletion If we use a bit of logic and knowledge to figure out what each action does, then we can find out the answer. Insertion will the Insert. Substitution will be Substitute. Deletion will be Delete. To insert would mean to put into. To substitute would mean to replace. To delete would mean to take away. Using that knowledge we can assume that the type of mutation that occurred is deletion.
A point mutation will change only one particular base of the codon, so it will only cause a change in one of the amino acids that will make up the protein. A deletion mutation will completely remove a base- causing a change in every amino acid that follows the deletion. Here is an example with a sentence, using three letter words (since amino acids are determined from 3 letter codons). THE FAT CAT ATE ONE RAT. A point mutation would change only one letter (like changing the C to a B). The new sentence is only slightly changed: THE FAT BAT ATE ONE RAT. A deletion mutation would remove a letter (like deleting the C). The new sentence will now be completely changed from the deletion on. THE FAT ATA TEO NER AT. See the difference??? Point mutations usually take place during DNA replication. A single point mutation can change the whole DNA sequence.
Adding or subtracting just one nucleotide would cause a frame shift mutation.