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Probably sometime in the mid 1800's, shortly after the wet plate process was invented. Of course, you couldn't
see much in those early photos. Mars looked just like any other bright point of light in the sky. (Only the brightest
objects registered on the plate.)

Fuzzy images of the magnified planet came about at the turn of the 20th Century, taken through astronomical
telescopes. Sharp photos of surface features on the planet had to wait until the development of powerful
launch vehicles and accurate inertial guidance systems, that made it possible to send cameras to positions
relatively close to Mars, from which the digital images were returned to earth by radio in the 1970's and '80's.

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