Where can you find proteins?

Answer 1

This process can be divided into two parts:

1. Transcription
Before the synthesis of a protein begins, the corresponding RNA molecule is produced by RNA transcription. One strand of the DNA double helix is used as a template by the RNA polymerase to synthesize a messenger RNA (mRNA). This mRNA migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. During this step, mRNA goes through different types of maturation including one called splicingwhen the non-coding sequences are eliminated. The coding mRNA sequence can be described as a unit of three nucleotides called a codon.

2. Translation
The ribosome binds to the mRNA at the start codon (AUG) that is recognized only by the initiator tRNA. The ribosome proceeds to the elongation phase of protein synthesis. During this stage, complexes, composed of an amino acid linked to tRNA, sequentially bind to the appropriate codon in mRNA by forming complementary base pairs with the tRNA anticodon. The ribosome moves from codon to codon along the mRNA. Amino acids are added one by one, translated into polypeptidic sequences dictated by DNA and represented by mRNA. At the end, a release factor binds to the stop codon, terminating translation and releasing the complete polypeptide from the ribosome.

One specific amino acid can correspond to more than one codon. The genetic code is said to be degenerate.

Answer 2

Proteins can be found in both plant-based and animal-based foods such as meat, poultry, fish, dairy products, legumes, nuts, seeds, and tofu. They are essential for building and repairing tissues in the body, as well as playing a role in various bodily functions.

Answer 3

Vegetarian sources of proteins are pulses and milk.

The non-vegetarian sources are eggs and meat.

Answer 4

Proteins are created in the ribosome. Protein in a cell occurs most as an enzyme. They are very specific and are very short chemical reactions.

Answer 5

Protiens form in ribosomes which are found in cytoplasm and the rough ER