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The energy that pumps hydrogen ions (H+) against their gradient primarily comes from ATP hydrolysis. This process is facilitated by ATPase enzymes, which convert adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi), releasing energy. Additionally, in some biological systems, energy can also be derived from the electrochemical gradient of other ions, like sodium or calcium, through secondary active transport mechanisms.
What else can I help you with?
How do proteins that are pumps differ from those that are channels?
They differ mainly by their shapes but they are an integral part of the membrane itself. The ones that are channels are open in the center. They use no energy.The ones that are pumps do not have a free opening. Also these pumps use energy to allow them to work. This use of energy (ATP) causes them to move objects against the concentration gradient.
Where does the energy to move hydrogen ions across the thylakoids membrane come from?
Concentration gradient is made first.Solar energy is used.
List the key distinguishing feature of active transport proteins?
i dont not know so someone answer it soon please:(
How are membrane pumps and protein channels different?
They are both proteins that span the cell membrane - but the difference is in how they move substances/molecules/ions across. Channels, once open, allow things to move through them (down the concentration gradient from an area of high to an area of low concentration). Pumps come in many different varieties, but essentially they grab the substance and then change shape to allow it entry into the cell (instead of just opening and creating a gap). Some of these move things against their concentration gradient (from areas of low to high concentration).
As you say the black holes rotate in spirlish motion where does the energy for spirlish motion come from.?
As the gravitational potential is converted into kinetic energy by the object falling down the energy gradient.
How do proteins that are pumps differ from those that are channels?
They differ mainly by their shapes but they are an integral part of the membrane itself. The ones that are channels are open in the center. They use no energy.The ones that are pumps do not have a free opening. Also these pumps use energy to allow them to work. This use of energy (ATP) causes them to move objects against the concentration gradient.
Where does the energy to move hydrogen ions across the thylakoids membrane come from?
Concentration gradient is made first.Solar energy is used.
List the key distinguishing feature of active transport proteins?
i dont not know so someone answer it soon please:(
How are membrane pumps and protein channels different?
They are both proteins that span the cell membrane - but the difference is in how they move substances/molecules/ions across. Channels, once open, allow things to move through them (down the concentration gradient from an area of high to an area of low concentration). Pumps come in many different varieties, but essentially they grab the substance and then change shape to allow it entry into the cell (instead of just opening and creating a gap). Some of these move things against their concentration gradient (from areas of low to high concentration).
As you say the black holes rotate in spirlish motion where does the energy for spirlish motion come from.?
As the gravitational potential is converted into kinetic energy by the object falling down the energy gradient.
How is gradient of ions maintained in the mitochondria?
By the action of electrons going down the electron transfer chain the energy is provided to pump H + into the outer lumen of the mitochondria creating the concentration gradient for H + to come down it's concentration gradient through the ATP synthase.
What happens to the extra energy in excited electrons as they pass along an electron trandsport chain in a chloroplast?
The extra energy in the excited electrons is used to pump hydrogen ions across the thylakoid membrane, creating a proton gradient. This gradient is then used to drive ATP synthesis during the process of chemiosmosis, providing energy for cellular activities.
What are some countries against nuclear energy?
Australia and New Zealand come to mind
Does magic come from the heart?
No. The heart is an organ that pumps blood.
Were does the energy to move hydrogen ions across the thylakoid membrane come from?
where does the energy used to establish the proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane come from? In other words, from splitting of water. well that's not what he said but there you go.
If you rub a match against a rough surfac fire results yet the law of conservation and energy says energy cannot be created explain the fire coming from nowhere?
When you rub a match against a rough surface, friction generates heat that ignites the matchstick. The energy to start the fire doesn't come from nowhere; it comes from the mechanical work you do by rubbing the match against the rough surface, converting it into thermal energy to ignite the matchstick. This process still follows the law of conservation of energy.
What are the defining features of Silver Pumps?
The term Silver Pumps is actually referred to silver coloured pumps, or high heels. They are sold in many different stores, both retail and online, and usually come with a glossy coating to make them shine.
