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Although Australia is low risk country for earthquakes the highest risk areas are on the east coast from Newcastle in the north to just south of Melbourne apart from a very small area just east of Perth. Perth itself has about the same earthquake hazard as Sydney. Earthquakes can happen anywhere in the world but are most common on plate boundaries and Australia is not on a plate boundary.

There have been a number of earthquakes in Australia, but generally they do not cause major damage. Many of them are simply seismic activity many kilometres underground, which do not translate to ground-shaking events on the surface. Melbourne and southeastern Victoria, and the region around Canberra, for example, are hot-spots for deep seismic activity, but no earthquake in the area has caused death or significant destruction.

Although Australia is not on the edge of a plate, the continent experiences earthquakes because the Indo-Australian plate is being pushed north and is colliding with the Eurasian, Philippine and Pacific plates. This causes the build up of stress in the interior of the Indo-Australian plate which is released during earthquakes.

There has also been some seismic activity in Western Australia. The area roughly between Meckering (west of Perth) and Meebarrie (several hundred kilometres to the north) extending to the coastline in between saw activity of varying intensity during the 20th century.

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