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In the reaction ( N_2 + 3H_2 \rightarrow 2NH_3 ), hydrogen gas (( H_2 )) acts as the reducing agent. This is because it donates electrons to nitrogen, reducing its oxidation state. As a result, nitrogen is reduced from an oxidation state of 0 in ( N_2 ) to -3 in ( NH_3 ), while hydrogen is oxidized from an oxidation state of 0 in ( H_2 ) to +1 in ( NH_3 ).

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