In the reaction ( N_2 + 3H_2 \rightarrow 2NH_3 ), hydrogen gas (( H_2 )) acts as the reducing agent. This is because it donates electrons to nitrogen, reducing its oxidation state. As a result, nitrogen is reduced from an oxidation state of 0 in ( N_2 ) to -3 in ( NH_3 ), while hydrogen is oxidized from an oxidation state of 0 in ( H_2 ) to +1 in ( NH_3 ).
As a rule of thumb, if elemental hydrogen is in a reaction and it's NOT reacting with a metal, it's the reducing agent.
The ion MnO4 is reduced toMnO2 and sulfur is oxidized to ion sulfate. Sulfite is the reducing agent.
The ferrous oxide is the oxdant.
In the reaction between CuSO4 and Mg, magnesium (Mg) is oxidized while copper (Cu) is reduced. Magnesium loses electrons to form Mg²⁺ ions, indicating oxidation, while copper ions (Cu²⁺) gain electrons to form elemental copper, indicating reduction. Thus, Mg is the reducing agent and Cu²⁺ is the oxidizing agent in this reaction.
The oxidizing agent in the reaction CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O is oxygen (O2). Oxygen is the substance that is gaining electrons and causing the methane (CH4) to oxidize.
As a rule of thumb, if elemental hydrogen is in a reaction and it's NOT reacting with a metal, it's the reducing agent.
In this reaction, Br is the reducing agent because it is being oxidized from Br- to Br2, thereby causing the reduction of Ca from Ca to Ca2+.
The ion MnO4 is reduced toMnO2 and sulfur is oxidized to ion sulfate. Sulfite is the reducing agent.
It is safer to claim it as neither - not least because the reaction would/does not work. Far safer to say that the sulphur is oxidised (which, you could argue, makes it a reducing agent).
Zn alone is a reducing agent because it donates electrons during a reaction and H2SO4 alone is an oxidizing agent because it may donates atomic oxygen during the reaction but (Zn + H2SO4) mixture is a reducing agent because this mixture may produce atomic hydrogen during a reaction.
H2 - hydrogen.
S in (SO4)-2 has a charge of +6, in SO2 S has a charge of +4. To go from +6 to +4 you must gain two electrons. The (SO4)-2 is reduced (reduction is gaining electrons). Therefore it reduces the 2br-, so (SO4)-2 is the reducing agent
In this reaction, FeCl2 is the oxidizing agent because it causes another species to be reduced (lose electrons), while SnCl2 is the reducing agent because it causes another species to be oxidized (gain electrons).
The ferrous oxide is the oxdant.
H2 + Cl2 --> 2HCl Think of it like this. H2 begins with two electrons, Cl2 begins with 14 (it is diatomic and originally has 7 electrons, so 7 + 7 = 14). The reducing agent is the one being oxidized (you need to remember that!) and if something is being oxidized, it is going from having more electrons to less electrons. 2HCl has 16 electrons (where H has two and Cl has fourteen), so, unless there is a charge on any of these compounds that you did not include in your question, no, Cl is not the reducing agent.
In the reaction between CuSO4 and Mg, magnesium (Mg) is oxidized while copper (Cu) is reduced. Magnesium loses electrons to form Mg²⁺ ions, indicating oxidation, while copper ions (Cu²⁺) gain electrons to form elemental copper, indicating reduction. Thus, Mg is the reducing agent and Cu²⁺ is the oxidizing agent in this reaction.
The oxidizing agent in the reaction CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O is oxygen (O2). Oxygen is the substance that is gaining electrons and causing the methane (CH4) to oxidize.