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Actually, proteins themselves are macromolecules. They are made of multiple polypeptide chains linked together. Polypeptide chains are then the result of multiple amino acids linked by peptide bonds between the amino groups and acid groups.

The development stages of proteins are divided into four stages:

1) Primary - A simple polypeptide chain of amino acids

2) Secondary - Polypeptide chains folded as a result of hydrogen bond influence. Commonly seen as either alpha helices (like the double helix of a DNA, but singular) or beta sheets(picture rectangles linked together to form a zigzagged, shingle-like form)

3) Tertiary - A even more complex form of polypeptide chains with many/multiple folds. At this point the protein is gaining a real shape and its purpose more specified.

4) Quaternary - Several tertiary forms combine into one more complex structure. The specific shape determines the proteins final purpose and tasks.

Basically proteins are jumbles of polypeptide chains which are combinations of the 20 various amino acids which are made of an amino group, variable group, acid group, and a hydrogen. The elements used are always Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and sometimes Sulfur.

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13y ago
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11y ago

Proteins

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