S waves are generally more damaging than P waves because they have a greater amplitude and cause more intense shaking. However, P waves travel faster than S waves, which means that people farther from the earthquake's epicenter may feel the P waves before the stronger S waves arrive.
P waves (primary waves) are the first waves generated by an earthquake and travel faster than other seismic waves. These waves push and pull on structures in a back-and-forth motion, causing buildings to move horizontally. While they may not cause as much damage as other seismic waves, such as S waves or surface waves, P waves can still contribute to structural damage and shaking of buildings during an earthquake.
Surface waves, specifically Love and Rayleigh waves, typically cause the most damage to surface structures and buildings during an earthquake. These waves travel along the Earth's surface and produce the strong shaking that can lead to structural damage and collapse.
L waves are the slowest moving of all waves, so the most intense shaking usually comes at the end of an earthquake.
S-waves cannot travel through the earth's outer core as it is liquid. Surface (Love and Rayleigh) waves cause the most damage to buildings. P-waves are the first to arrive at seismograph stations.
Surface waves, particularly Love waves and Rayleigh waves, are the slowest type of seismic waves during an earthquake. They are responsible for causing the most damage, as they travel along the ground surface, creating horizontal and vertical shaking that can contribute to the structural failure of buildings.
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The surface waves
S waves generally cause more damage than P waves during an earthquake. S waves have a stronger shaking motion that can lead to more destruction of buildings and infrastructure. P waves, on the other hand, are faster and usually less damaging than S waves.
S waves are generally more damaging than P waves because they have a greater amplitude and cause more intense shaking. However, P waves travel faster than S waves, which means that people farther from the earthquake's epicenter may feel the P waves before the stronger S waves arrive.
L Waves (Love Waves)
Secondary waves, also known as S-waves, are capable of causing damage to buildings and infrastructure during an earthquake. They have a side-to-side motion that can shake structures perpendicular to the direction of the wave. This can lead to structural failure and contribute to the destruction caused by an earthquake.
P waves (primary waves) are the first waves generated by an earthquake and travel faster than other seismic waves. These waves push and pull on structures in a back-and-forth motion, causing buildings to move horizontally. While they may not cause as much damage as other seismic waves, such as S waves or surface waves, P waves can still contribute to structural damage and shaking of buildings during an earthquake.
The seismic waves affect tall buildings more. It is because shaking may cause them to collide.
surface waves
Surface waves, including Rayleigh waves and Love waves, are the most destructive earthquake waves for buildings. They travel along the Earth's surface and cause the most shaking and damage to structures.