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The Canadian, Sir Alexander Fleming, came up with the idea of dividing the earth into time zones using lines of longitude. Zero longitude runs through Greenwich Park in London and is marked by a bronze strip let into the pavement outside the Greenwich Observatory. 180 Longitude is in the Pacific Ocean and is known as the International Dateline. This is because,by international agreement, each day is considered to begin at the Dateline. before Standard Time was adopted, each geographic region kept its own idea of the time of day based on sunrise and sunset. The concept of "hours" did not really exist.

One very important instrument in keeping time is, of course, the chronometer (clock). Timekeeping was very important to sailing ships to determine their position and rate of progress in the vastness of the oceans. The British Navy stimulated the invention and improvement of timepieces by offering cash prizes to inventors.

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