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Some fundamental particles in nature, happened to have an electric field. We just named one of them "electron". That's the simple answer.

From an engineering point of view, there is no such thing as an electric field or electric line of force. Its a classical physics construct that we came up with, in order to explain what happens when charged particles interact with each other.

Why do some particles have charges in the first place? Its because of some complex quark level interaction that I don't yet understand. Thus we have positive and negative charges, which attract each other, while like charges repel and we made up "electric lines of force" to explain them.

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