Because those alleles segregate, or seperate, and combine again to make different alleles, thus making different phenotypes.
I think you have the question backwards, "Why isn't it possible to have more phenotypes than genotypes?" There are always more or an equal number of genotypes relative to phenotypes. The phenotype for a simple dominant/recessive interaction (for example) T for tall and t for short where TT is tall, Tt is tall and tt is short has three genotypes and two phenotypes. If T and t are co-dominant then TT would be tall, Tt would be intermediate and tt would be short. (Three phenotypes and three genotypes.)
Genotypes are not created by phenotypes, they are the alleles/genes of the organism. Genotypes (in combination with environment) produce phenotypes. It would be expected that the genotypes Bb and BB would produce the phenotype B.
Indirectly, yes it does. But it can only act on genotypes through their phenotypes.
Many possible genotypes, producing ,any possible phenotypes.
A Punnett square is used to lay out the possible genotypes of offspring based on the genotypes of the parents being bred. From this, the probabilities of certain phenotypes and genotypes can be determined.
I think you have the question backwards, "Why isn't it possible to have more phenotypes than genotypes?" There are always more or an equal number of genotypes relative to phenotypes. The phenotype for a simple dominant/recessive interaction (for example) T for tall and t for short where TT is tall, Tt is tall and tt is short has three genotypes and two phenotypes. If T and t are co-dominant then TT would be tall, Tt would be intermediate and tt would be short. (Three phenotypes and three genotypes.)
The genotypes in which one or more alleles is dominant.
No.
It doesn't. Phenotypes are viable or not in a given environment, and this influences whether the corresponding genotypes get passed on. Selection works on genotypes via the effects of their expression, their phenotype. The answer you may be looking for is that phenotypes maladapted to their environment have less babies, and pass on less copies of their genes. "Natural selection" is the whole process over generations. "Selection" may refer to misadapted bodies/phenotypes reproducing less due to illness, hunger, bad quality territories, dying earlier, etc.
Genotypes are not created by phenotypes, they are the alleles/genes of the organism. Genotypes (in combination with environment) produce phenotypes. It would be expected that the genotypes Bb and BB would produce the phenotype B.
Indirectly, yes it does. But it can only act on genotypes through their phenotypes.
The diagram can be used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring by following the inheritance patterns of the parents' traits. By analyzing the alleles passed down from each parent, one can determine the possible combinations of genotypes and corresponding phenotypes that the offspring may inherit.
Many possible genotypes, producing ,any possible phenotypes.
This is backward, natural selection works on genotype not phenotype.
The parents can pass on only the alleles of their genotypes to their offspring. Therefore, the offspring genotypes and phenotypes are dependent solely upon the alleles inherited from the parents.
By observing the phenotypes of individuals in a pedigree (such as their physical characteristics or traits), one can infer the genotypes that may be responsible for those traits. By looking at patterns of inheritance within the pedigree, such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked inheritance, one can make educated guesses about the genotypes of individuals based on their observed phenotypes. However, the presence of genetic variability, incomplete penetrance, or phenocopies can complicate the prediction of genotypes solely based on phenotypic information.
The chart you are referring to is called a Punnett square. It is used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring resulting from a genetic cross between two individuals.