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The structure of DNA can be compared to a ladder. It has an alternating chemical phosphate and sugar backbone, making the "sides" of the ladder. (Deoxyribose is the name of the sugar found in the backbone of DNA.) In between the two sides of this sugar-phosphate backbone are four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). (A grouping like this of a phosphate, a sugar, and a base makes up a subunit of DNA called a nucleotide.) These bases make up the "rungs" of the ladder, and are attached to the backbone where the deoxyribose (sugar) molecules are located.
What else can I help you with?
What is the Structural formula of 4-ethyl-234-trimethyloctane?
Draw a line of 8 carbons, and join them by single bonds. This is the backbone of your molecule, the octane part. Now draw lines to represent the rest of the bonds on the backbone, one above and one below each carbon, and one more at each end ( a total of 18). Imagine the carbons numbered from the left (you could use the right, but you have to pick one.) Put a CH3 group above each of carbons 2, 3 and 4. Put a C2H5 group below carbon 4. Add an H at the end of each empty line. Now check: you should have a total of 13 C's and 28 H's.
Why do the DNA fragments move to the positive end of the tray?
DNA fragments move toward the positive end of the gel tray during electrophoresis because DNA is negatively charged due to its phosphate backbone. When an electric current is applied, the negatively charged DNA molecules are attracted to the positive electrode. This movement allows the fragments to be separated based on size, with smaller fragments traveling faster and farther than larger ones.
What side does the DNA in gel electrophoresis go to?
In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments migrate towards the positive electrode during the process. This is because DNA is negatively charged due to its phosphate backbone. When an electric current is applied, the DNA moves through the gel matrix towards the positive end, allowing for the separation of fragments based on size.
How many strands of DNA did you start with and end with?
we started with a single strand DNA molecule.
How does DNA Replication end What is the final product(s) of DNA Replication?
DNA replication ends when the DNA polymerase reaches the end of the linear DNA molecule or meets a previously replicated segment, resulting in two complete double-stranded DNA molecules. Each of these new DNA molecules consists of one original (parental) strand and one newly synthesized strand, a process known as semi-conservative replication. The final products of DNA replication are two identical DNA molecules, each containing one old and one new strand, ensuring genetic continuity during cell division.
Is the 5 prime end of DNA charged?
Yes. The 5' end of a DNA strand ends in a phosphate group. At physiological pH values, this group has a charge of -2. The other phosphate groups along the sugar-phosphate backbone have a charge of -1 each.
What is a line with an arrowhead at each end?
in engineering drawing, a line with an arrow at each end is called a dimension line
What does it mean that one end of a DNA strand is the 5' end and how does it impact the structure and function of the DNA molecule?
The 5' end of a DNA strand refers to one end of the molecule where a phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar molecule in the DNA backbone. This end is important for determining the directionality of the DNA strand. The 5' end impacts the structure and function of the DNA molecule by influencing how enzymes read and replicate the DNA sequence. It also plays a role in the process of transcription, where genetic information is used to create RNA molecules.
What is 5' and 3' in DNA?
Oh, dude, you're hitting me with the DNA lingo now? Alright, so basically, in DNA lingo, 5' and 3' refer to the carbon atoms in the sugar backbone of the DNA molecule. The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the 5th carbon, while the 3' end has a hydroxyl group attached to the 3rd carbon. It's like the DNA's way of saying, "Hey, this is where it all starts" and "This is where it ends, no big deal."
What are the differences between the 5' and 3' ends of DNA molecules?
The 5' end of a DNA molecule refers to the end where the phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar molecule in the DNA backbone. The 3' end, on the other hand, is where the hydroxyl group is attached to the 3' carbon of the sugar molecule. This difference in chemical structure affects how DNA is synthesized and replicated.
If you unravel the DNA from all of your chromosomes how far would it reach?
If you were to unravel all the DNA in your chromosomes and line it up end to end, it would reach approximately 6 feet in length. This condensed DNA is tightly packed into the nucleus of each cell in your body to fit within the tiny space.
How many coiled DNA molecules has an S phase have at the end?
At the end of the S phase, each DNA molecule is duplicated and consists of two coiled sister chromatids. This results in each chromosome having two identical copies of DNA.
What is repeated at the end of each verse?
A line that is repeated at the end of each verse is called as REFRAIN.
What do you call a piece of a line with an endpoint on each end?
line segment
What is a line called with a filled dot on each end?
A line segment.
At the end of s phase each chromosome has how many coiled dna molecules?
At the end of S phase, each chromosome has two coiled DNA molecules, also known as sister chromatids. These sister chromatids are identical copies of each other formed during DNA replication in preparation for cell division.
Does DNA samples start at the negative or the black charge?
When DNA samples are run (i.e. in gel electrophoresis) they start at the negative end. This is because DNA carries a negative charge, and so will move towards the positive electrode. Therefore the DNA is placed at the other end (so it has room to move).
