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How is DNA made in your bodies?
DNA is made in the body through a process called DNA replication. This involves the separation of the two strands of DNA, followed by the synthesis of two new complementary strands using the existing strands as templates. The enzyme DNA polymerase plays a key role in catalyzing the formation of new DNA strands.
What is the order of actions by rna polymerase?
Binds to DNA, makes mRNA from DNA, detaches
How is DNA replicated-?
In a cell, DNA replication must happen before cell division can occur. DNA synthesis begins at specific locations in the genome, called "origins", where the two strands of DNA are separated. RNA primers attach to single stranded DNA and DNA polymerase extends from the primers to form new strands of DNA, adding nucleotides matched to the template strand. The unwinding of DNA and synthesis of new strands forms a replication fork. In addition to DNA polymerase, a number of enzymes are associated with the fork and assist in the initiation and continuation of DNA synthesis by joieman04
How the end results of transcription and replication differ?
In the replication part, replication ensures that each new cell will have one complete set of genetic instructions. it does this by making identical strands of chromosomes. transcription enables to adjust to changing demands. it changes certain types of strands on the DNA
Difference between DNA replication and transcription?
1. Replication is the duplication of two-strands of DNA. Transcription is the formation of single, identical RNA from the two-stranded DNA. 2. There are different proteins involved in replication and transcription. 3. In replication, the end result is two daughter cells, while in transcription, the end result is a protein molecule. 4. In transcription, DNA serves as the template for RNA synthesis.
At the end of DNA replication two new strands of DNA have been produced giving a total of?
Two new DNA chains are formed at the end of DNA replication, both identical in sequence to the template (or parent) chain. These chains are composed of 2 complimentary strands. It is important to note that of the newly formed DNA chains, one strand is the same as the template strand and the other one is a newly synthesized one.
What end product is formed during replication?
two identical strands of DNA
How is DNA made in your bodies?
DNA is made in the body through a process called DNA replication. This involves the separation of the two strands of DNA, followed by the synthesis of two new complementary strands using the existing strands as templates. The enzyme DNA polymerase plays a key role in catalyzing the formation of new DNA strands.
What is the directionality of DNA replication, specifically in terms of the synthesis of new DNA strands from the 5' to 3' direction?
During DNA replication, new DNA strands are synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction. This means that nucleotides are added to the growing strand starting at the 3' end and moving towards the 5' end.
What is the process of replicating a DNA strand?
The process of replicating a DNA strand involves the separation of the two strands of the DNA double helix, followed by the synthesis of new complementary strands using the existing strands as templates. This process is carried out by enzymes called DNA polymerases, which add nucleotides to the growing strands in a specific order based on the sequence of the original DNA. The end result is two identical copies of the original DNA molecule.
What is copied during rplication?
During DNA replication, the entire DNA molecule is copied. This involves separating the two strands of the DNA double helix and creating two new complementary strands using the existing strands as templates. The end result is two identical copies of the original DNA molecule.
To what end does DNA polymerase add nucleotides?
DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to replicate and repair DNA strands during cell division and growth.
Why the strands in DNA are named as 3' and 5?
The strands of DNA are named 3' and 5' based on the carbon atom numbering of the sugar molecules in the DNA backbone. The numbering starts at one end of the sugar molecule (the 3' end) and proceeds to the other end (the 5' end). This naming convention helps to indicate the directionality of the DNA strands during processes such as replication and transcription.
Why are DNA strands synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction?
DNA strands are synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction because the enzyme responsible for building the new DNA strand, DNA polymerase, can only add new nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing strand. This results in the DNA strand being synthesized in a specific direction.
What does the term "5' to 3' mean in DNA"?
The term "5' to 3'" in DNA refers to the direction in which the nucleotides are arranged on one of the DNA strands. It indicates that the DNA strand is read from the 5' end to the 3' end, which is the direction in which new nucleotides are added during DNA replication.
What is the significance of the terms 5' and 3' in DNA structure and how do they relate to the directionality of DNA strands?
The terms 5' and 3' in DNA structure refer to the carbon atoms in the sugar backbone of the DNA molecule. The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the 5th carbon atom, while the 3' end has a hydroxyl group attached to the 3rd carbon atom. This directional orientation is important because DNA strands are antiparallel, meaning they run in opposite directions. This arrangement allows for the complementary base pairing between the strands, which is essential for DNA replication and protein synthesis.
What is the difference between the 3 prime end and the 5 prime end in DNA strands?
The 3' end of a DNA strand refers to the end where the nucleotides have a free hydroxyl group attached to the 3' carbon of the sugar molecule. The 5' end, on the other hand, is where the nucleotides have a phosphate group attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar molecule. This difference in chemical structure affects how DNA strands are synthesized and read during processes like replication and transcription.
