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The nucleus is very small; if it were the size of a Golf ball the outer electrons would be about as far away as the height of the Empire State Building. If a neutron was moving very fast it probably wouldn't hit a nucleus. When , occasionally, a neutron does hit a nucleus, it might start nuclear fission- especially when the nucleus is heavy like Uranium 235 (U-235).

So, to sum it up, most neutrons are not captured by a nucleus because they are both so small relative to the space that they are in, but sometimes a neutron will hit a nucleus.

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