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Over nitration is rare because it can lead to excessive substitution on the aromatic ring, resulting in the molecule becoming unstable and prone to decomposition. This can cause a loss of desired product yield and may lead to the formation of undesirable byproducts. Additionally, controlling the reaction conditions and carefully monitoring the nitration process can help prevent over nitration.
What else can I help you with?
Why after a nitration reaction?
For example nitrobenzene is obtained by nitration of benzene.
Why is acetanilide nitrated and not aniline?
Acetanilide is nitrated instead of aniline because the acetyl group in acetanilide exhibits electron-withdrawing properties that stabilize the intermediate formed during nitration. This leads to a more controlled reaction and reduces the likelihood of over-nitration, which can occur with aniline due to its strong activating amino group. Additionally, the presence of the acetyl group decreases the nucleophilicity of the amine, promoting a more selective nitration.
Give the reason for regioselectivity of nitration of acetinilide?
The regioselectivity in the nitration of acetanilide is due to the directing effect of the amino group (-NH2) in the molecule. The amino group directs the nitration primarily to the meta position on the aromatic ring, resulting in the formation of meta-nitroacetanilide as the main product.
What is the name of an explosive which is obtained by the nitration of an organic compound?
trinitro toluene or TNT
What is example of nitration reaction?
An example of a nitration reaction is the nitration of benzene to form nitrobenzene. In this reaction, benzene reacts with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid, where the sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst. The electrophilic aromatic substitution occurs, resulting in the introduction of a nitro group (–NO₂) onto the benzene ring. This reaction is significant in organic chemistry for synthesizing various nitro compounds.
Why after a nitration reaction?
For example nitrobenzene is obtained by nitration of benzene.
How do you do nitration of salicylicacid?
Well a standard nitration with mixed acids at elevated temperatures. One could just follow the nitration of its brother, acetylsalicylicacid (ASA) as in the same way TriNitroPhenol (TNP) is made.
What is the introduction of preparation of m-dinitrobenzene nitration of nitrobenzene?
The preparation of m-dinitrobenzene through the nitration of nitrobenzene involves reacting nitrobenzene with a nitration mixture containing concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid. The nitro group on the nitrobenzene is replaced by a nitronium ion generated from the nitration mixture, leading to the formation of m-dinitrobenzene. The reaction is typically carried out under controlled conditions to regulate the regioselectivity of the nitration process.
What chemical change starts with letter N?
Nitration is a chemical change that involves the introduction of a nitro group into a molecule.
Why is acetanilide nitrated and not aniline?
Acetanilide is nitrated instead of aniline because the acetyl group in acetanilide exhibits electron-withdrawing properties that stabilize the intermediate formed during nitration. This leads to a more controlled reaction and reduces the likelihood of over-nitration, which can occur with aniline due to its strong activating amino group. Additionally, the presence of the acetyl group decreases the nucleophilicity of the amine, promoting a more selective nitration.
What is the function of sulphuric acid in the nitration of benzene?
Sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst in the nitration of benzene by protonating the nitric acid, which generates a more reactive electrophile (NO2+). This electrophile then attacks the benzene ring to introduce the nitro group during the nitration process.
Why is sulfuric acid used in aromatic nitration?
Sulfuric acid is used in aromatic nitration as a catalyst and as a source of protons to initiate the nitration reaction. It helps to activate the nitric acid by protonating it, making it a better electrophile. Additionally, sulfuric acid helps to absorb the water produced during the nitration process, which can improve the yield of the desired nitro compound.
Give the reason for regioselectivity of nitration of acetinilide?
The regioselectivity in the nitration of acetanilide is due to the directing effect of the amino group (-NH2) in the molecule. The amino group directs the nitration primarily to the meta position on the aromatic ring, resulting in the formation of meta-nitroacetanilide as the main product.
Why nitration of nitrobenzene is difficult than nitration of benzene?
Nitration of nitrobenzene is more difficult because the nitro group is an electron-withdrawing group, making the nitrobenzene less reactive towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. In contrast, benzene is more reactive because it does not have any electron-withdrawing groups attached to it.
Why is -NH2 group of aniline protected before nitration?
Aromatic amines cannot be nitrated directly because they give unexpected oxidation products along with nitration products. This is because, HNO3 is not only a nitrating agent but also acts as a strong oxidizing agent. Therefore, to solve this problem, nitration is carried out by protecting the -NH2 group by acetylation. The acetyl group is finally removed by hydrolysis to give a mixture of o- and p-nitro amines.
Why is sulfuric acid specifically chosen for use in aromatic nitration processes?
Sulfuric acid is chosen for aromatic nitration processes because it is a strong acid that can efficiently catalyze the nitration reaction. It helps in activating the nitronium ion, which is the key intermediate in the nitration process, making the reaction faster and more selective. Additionally, sulfuric acid can also help in controlling the reaction conditions and preventing side reactions, leading to higher yields of the desired nitroaromatic compound.
What has the author Howard William Post written?
Howard William Post has written: 'The nitration of substituted anilines ..' -- subject(s): Aniline, Nitration 'The chemistry of the aliphatic orthoesters' -- subject(s): Esters
