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Aromatic amines cannot be nitrated directly because they give unexpected oxidation products along with nitration products. This is because, HNO3 is not only a nitrating agent but also acts as a strong oxidizing agent. Therefore, to solve this problem, nitration is carried out by protecting the -NH2 group by acetylation. The acetyl group is finally removed by hydrolysis to give a mixture of o- and p-nitro amines.
What else can I help you with?
Why do you use acetanilide rather aniline in the synthesis of p-nitroaniline?
Acetanilide is used instead of aniline in the synthesis of p-nitroaniline to control the selectivity of the reaction. Acetanilide is less reactive than aniline, making it easier to control the nitration process and avoid the formation of unwanted byproducts. Additionally, the acetanilide group can be easily removed after the nitration reaction to yield p-nitroaniline.
Nitration of aniline with nitrating mixture gives m-nitro-aniline?
In the nitration of aniline with a nitrating mixture, the electrophilic attack of the nitronium ion occurs at the ortho and para positions due to the activating effect of the amino group. The major product obtained is m-nitroaniline due to steric hindrance that prevents substitution at the ortho position.
How will i convert benzene to aniline?
You nitrate the benzene with nitric and sulfuric acids, then catalytically hydrogenate the intermediate. But you're not going to do it at all if you can't raise the intermediate to 300 degrees C.
What is the name of benzene with an NH2 group?
Aniline is the name of benzene with an NH2 group attached.
Why nitration of nitrobenzene is difficult than nitration of benzene?
Nitration of nitrobenzene is more difficult because the nitro group is an electron-withdrawing group, making the nitrobenzene less reactive towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. In contrast, benzene is more reactive because it does not have any electron-withdrawing groups attached to it.
Why do you use acetanilide rather aniline in the synthesis of p-nitroaniline?
Acetanilide is used instead of aniline in the synthesis of p-nitroaniline to control the selectivity of the reaction. Acetanilide is less reactive than aniline, making it easier to control the nitration process and avoid the formation of unwanted byproducts. Additionally, the acetanilide group can be easily removed after the nitration reaction to yield p-nitroaniline.
Nitration of aniline with nitrating mixture gives m-nitro-aniline?
In the nitration of aniline with a nitrating mixture, the electrophilic attack of the nitronium ion occurs at the ortho and para positions due to the activating effect of the amino group. The major product obtained is m-nitroaniline due to steric hindrance that prevents substitution at the ortho position.
How will i convert benzene to aniline?
You nitrate the benzene with nitric and sulfuric acids, then catalytically hydrogenate the intermediate. But you're not going to do it at all if you can't raise the intermediate to 300 degrees C.
What is the name of benzene with an NH2 group?
Aniline is the name of benzene with an NH2 group attached.
Why does aniline when subjected to nitration conditions followed by a basic work up form the meta nitroanline and not ortho or para?
It reacts with the acidic conditions (since the NH2 is basic) to form the meta-directing electron withdrawing group NH3. This forms the meta-nitroaniline.
Why nitration of nitrobenzene is difficult than nitration of benzene?
Nitration of nitrobenzene is more difficult because the nitro group is an electron-withdrawing group, making the nitrobenzene less reactive towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. In contrast, benzene is more reactive because it does not have any electron-withdrawing groups attached to it.
What is formula of aniline?
The chemical fomula of aniline is C6H7N.
Give the reason for regioselectivity of nitration of acetinilide?
The regioselectivity in the nitration of acetanilide is due to the directing effect of the amino group (-NH2) in the molecule. The amino group directs the nitration primarily to the meta position on the aromatic ring, resulting in the formation of meta-nitroacetanilide as the main product.
What chemical change starts with letter N?
Nitration is a chemical change that involves the introduction of a nitro group into a molecule.
How can you distinguish aniline and primary amine?
Aniline is a specific type of primary amine that contains a phenyl group attached to the amino group. One way to distinguish them is by performing a diazo coupling reaction, where aniline will give a colored dye, whereas a simple primary amine will not show this reaction. Additionally, aniline can be distinguished by its distinctive smell and the fact that it can undergo aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions due to the presence of the phenyl group.
Which is more basic aniline or p-nitroaniline?
Aniline is more basic than p-nitroaniline because the presence of a nitro group (-NO2) in p-nitroaniline decreases its basicity by withdrawing electron density from the amino group. Aniline, on the other hand, lacks this electron-withdrawing group, making it more basic.
What is the composition of the organic compound aniline?
The composition of the organic compound aniline is the prototypical aromatic amine, consisting of a phenyl group attached to an amino group. It's main use is in the manufacture of precursors to polyurethane.
