In the phenoxide ion the charge is delocalized by the resonance in the benzene ring.
There is no such delocalization in the ethoxide ion.
Benzene predominantly undergoes electrophilic reactions because its aromatic structure stabilizes the developing positive charge on the carbon atoms during the reaction. The delocalized electron cloud in benzene makes it less reactive towards nucleophiles which prefer to attack electrophilic centers. This electronic stability of benzene is known as aromaticity.
Electrophilic reagents are chemical species which in the course of chemical reactions, acquire electrons or a share in electrons from other molecules or ions. Nucleophilic reagents do the opposite of electrophilic reagents.
i think the question is wrong.benzene doesn't respond nucleophilic substitution respond electrophilic substitution it is electrophilic then due to resonance there is a partial double bond between carbon of benzene and halogens.so halobenzenes are chemically inert towards electrophilic substitution.
Due to electronegativity difference between Iodine and chloride (chlorine is more electronegative), Iodo has delta positive charge and thus electrophilic reagent. I2 also form hypervalent I with delta positive charge, but ICl is compartively better in generating I with delta positive charge.
The more reactive substance is known as a catalyst.
In the presence of aqueous NaOH, phenol undergoes nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction to form sodium phenoxide. When CCl4 is added, no reaction occurs as CCl4 is non-reactive towards phenoxide ion.
Benzene predominantly undergoes electrophilic reactions because its aromatic structure stabilizes the developing positive charge on the carbon atoms during the reaction. The delocalized electron cloud in benzene makes it less reactive towards nucleophiles which prefer to attack electrophilic centers. This electronic stability of benzene is known as aromaticity.
Electrophilic reagents are chemical species which in the course of chemical reactions, acquire electrons or a share in electrons from other molecules or ions. Nucleophilic reagents do the opposite of electrophilic reagents.
Electrophilic substitution occurs in furan, thiophene, and pyrrole because these compounds have a lone pair of electrons on the heteroatom (oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen), making them nucleophilic and reactive towards electrophiles. The aromaticity of these compounds is also maintained during the substitution reaction, making them favorable candidates for electrophilic substitution.
i think the question is wrong.benzene doesn't respond nucleophilic substitution respond electrophilic substitution it is electrophilic then due to resonance there is a partial double bond between carbon of benzene and halogens.so halobenzenes are chemically inert towards electrophilic substitution.
Due to electronegativity difference between Iodine and chloride (chlorine is more electronegative), Iodo has delta positive charge and thus electrophilic reagent. I2 also form hypervalent I with delta positive charge, but ICl is compartively better in generating I with delta positive charge.
When a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal in a solution what is the reaction calledRead more: When_a_more_reactive_metal_displaces_a_less_reactive_metal_in_a_solution_what_is_the_reaction_called
For acetanilide, resonance delocalization of the nitrogen lone pair electrons to the aromatic ring is less favored because the positive charge on nitrogen is next to the positively polarized carbonyl group. Resonance delocalization to the carbonyl oxygen is favored because of the electronegativity of oxygen. Since the nitrogen lone pair electrons are less available to the ring than in aniline, the reactivity of the ring toward electrophilic substitution decreases.
No, Haloarenes are less reactive than benzene towards electrophillic substitution reaction. This is because the halogen atom attached to benzene ring in haloarenesis slightly deactivating and orthoand para directing. so attack can only take place at orthoand para. Also the halogen atom in Haloarenesdue to its -I effect has some tendancyto withdraw electrons from the benzene ring and hence making it deactivating.Since the ring gets deactivated as compared to benzene, haloarenesare less reactive than benzene in electrophillicsubstituionreaction.
Chlorine can act as an activator in organic reactions by forming electrophilic species that can react with nucleophiles. However, it can also act as a deactivator in some cases by withdrawing electron density from the aromatic ring, making it less reactive towards electrophilic attack. The effect of chlorine as an activator or deactivator depends on the specific reaction conditions and the nature of the reactants involved.
The adjective form of "reaction" is "reactive."
FeCl3 acts as a Lewis acid catalyst in the reaction, activating the chlorine molecule by coordinating with it and facilitating its electrophilic attack on the aromatic ring of benzene. This activation process increases the electrophilicity of the chlorine, making it more reactive towards aromatic substitution.