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The electron affinity, or EA, of nitrogen is less than zero (EA = -7) because of is electron configuration, which is [He] 2s2 2p3. Nitrogen, as a neutral atom has a half-filled p-orbital, and by Hund's Rule, that means that each p-orbital has 1 unpaired electron. In the same way that a completely filled orbital is especially stable (like the noble gases), a half-filled orbital IN A NITROGEN ATOM IS HIGHLY UNSTABLE ([He] 2s2 2p4).
In contrast, carbon, C, has a much larger electron affinity (EA = -123.4 kJ/mol) because it has electron configuration [He] 2s2 2p2, which means that the addition of one more electron will bring it to an extra stable half-filled shell. Fluorine of course has an extremely high electron affinity (EA = -331.4 kJ/mol) because of it's electron configuration, [He] 2s2 2p5, where the addition of one more electron gives it a completely filled valence shell or noble gas configuration, [He] 2s2 sp6.
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Halogen with the least-negative electron affinity?
The halogen with the least-negative electron affinity is astatine. Electron affinity and electronegativities decreases down a group. Since astatine is the last halogen located in Group 17 as you move down the column from fluorine, it has the least negative electron affinity.
Does electron affinity gain electrons?
Yes. Electron affinity is the process by which a neutral atom gains an electron and the EA is the measure of energy released. The resulting ion will be negative.
Definition of electron affinity?
The energy change that occurs when an electron is added to a neutral atom. This is usually exothermic. Noble Gases are excluded from this. Equation: X(element)+e-(electron)---------> X-1+ energy
Does Sr have a high electron affinity or a low electron affinity?
Sr has a relatively low electron affinity. Electron affinity is the energy change when an atom gains an electron to form a negative ion, and for strontium, this energy change is lower compared to other elements.
Which element has a negative electron affinity. Is it Kr. O. Ca. He or Mg?
Helium (He) is the element that has a negative electron affinity. This means that it is less likely to gain an electron compared to other elements listed (Kr, O, Ca, and Mg) which have positive electron affinities.
What is the second electron affinity of chlorine?
Chlorine has a negative second electron affinity because it releases energy when gaining an additional electron. This makes it less likely to accept a second electron compared to its first electron affinity, which is positive.
Halogen with the least-negative electron affinity?
The halogen with the least-negative electron affinity is astatine. Electron affinity and electronegativities decreases down a group. Since astatine is the last halogen located in Group 17 as you move down the column from fluorine, it has the least negative electron affinity.
What is the meaning of a negative value for the electron affinity of an atom?
Electron affinity is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom. Or an energy released by adding an electron to a gaseous atom ( ie, negative quantity). In this case, if an element has a negative Electron Affinity, its indicating that this element is stable than the neutral ones.
Which has the lower electron affinity germanium or selenium?
Selenium has a lower electron affinity than germanium. Electron affinity is the energy released when an atom gains an electron to form a negative ion. In general, electron affinity tends to decrease as you move down a group in the periodic table, which is why selenium has a lower electron affinity than germanium.
Does electron affinity gain electrons?
Yes. Electron affinity is the process by which a neutral atom gains an electron and the EA is the measure of energy released. The resulting ion will be negative.
Which has the more negative electron affinity br or br?
Bromine (Br) has a more negative electron affinity than boron (B). This means that bromine has a higher tendency to accept an electron to form a negative ion.
What is the difference between electron affinity and electron gain enthalpy?
Electron affinity is the energy released when an atom gains an electron to form a negative ion, while electron gain enthalpy is the enthalpy change accompanying the addition of an electron to a gaseous atom. Electron affinity is a specific term used in the context of forming an ion, while electron gain enthalpy is a general term for the enthalpy change associated with gaining an electron.
Is the electron affinity of an element positive or negative?
The electron affinity of an element can be either positive or negative, depending on whether the element tends to gain or lose electrons when forming chemical bonds.
Definition of electron affinity?
The energy change that occurs when an electron is added to a neutral atom. This is usually exothermic. Noble Gases are excluded from this. Equation: X(element)+e-(electron)---------> X-1+ energy
What negative ions have a high electron affinity?
None, it has a stable structure
Is diamond a negative electron-affinity material?
Diamond is an unique material, which can exhibit both negative and positive electron affinities. A clean diamond surface yields a positive electron affinity of around 0.6 eV. In contrast, hydrogenated and hydroxylated diamond surfaces exhibit negative electron affinities of -1.1 and -2.13 eV, respectively. Moreover, halogenated diamond surfaces give positive electron affinities. Hope this will help :-)
Does Sr have a high electron affinity or a low electron affinity?
Sr has a relatively low electron affinity. Electron affinity is the energy change when an atom gains an electron to form a negative ion, and for strontium, this energy change is lower compared to other elements.
