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Reducing agents are used to reduce disulphide bonds (-S-S) present within (intrarmolecular) and between (intermolecular) the molecules. S-S bond is formed between two cysteine amino acid (one of the slphur containing amino acids, the other methionine can not form).
Reducing agents such as DTT, 2-mercaptoethanol are thus used in extraction buffer to kill the native protein structure.

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