Due to faulting or folding.
That the clams were formed before the trees. The lower layers are older as they are set down first.
The fossils are typically found in the uppermost layer of rock, as sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of materials over time. Newer layers are deposited on top of older layers, meaning that the youngest fossils would be located in the most recent (top) strata. Therefore, the youngest fossils are in the layer that is highest in the sequence shown.
In an undisturbed layer of rocks, the youngest rocks would be found at the top of the sequence. This is due to the principle of superposition, which states that in a series of sedimentary rock layers, older layers are deposited first and are subsequently covered by newer layers. Therefore, as you move upward through the layers, you encounter progressively younger rocks.
In a rock column, the oldest rock fossils are typically found at the bottom layers. This is due to the principle of superposition, where sedimentary layers are deposited over time, with newer layers forming on top of older ones. Thus, as you move downward in the column, you encounter older geological formations and their associated fossils.
Fossils of an organism that lived relatively recently would be expected to be found in younger layers of rock, as they would not have had sufficient time to become buried and fossilized in older layers. Fossils of older organisms tend to be found in deeper, older layers of rock.
That the clams were formed before the trees. The lower layers are older as they are set down first.
The fossils are typically found in the uppermost layer of rock, as sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of materials over time. Newer layers are deposited on top of older layers, meaning that the youngest fossils would be located in the most recent (top) strata. Therefore, the youngest fossils are in the layer that is highest in the sequence shown.
In an undisturbed layer of rocks, the youngest rocks would be found at the top of the sequence. This is due to the principle of superposition, which states that in a series of sedimentary rock layers, older layers are deposited first and are subsequently covered by newer layers. Therefore, as you move upward through the layers, you encounter progressively younger rocks.
In a rock column, the oldest rock fossils are typically found at the bottom layers. This is due to the principle of superposition, where sedimentary layers are deposited over time, with newer layers forming on top of older ones. Thus, as you move downward in the column, you encounter older geological formations and their associated fossils.
Fossils of an organism that lived relatively recently would be expected to be found in younger layers of rock, as they would not have had sufficient time to become buried and fossilized in older layers. Fossils of older organisms tend to be found in deeper, older layers of rock.
The fossils that are further up among the layers would be newer because they were formed before the others.When fossils are further down in the ground they are older because they had been covered up longer in time.
The law of superposition states that in any undisturbed sequence of sedimentary layers, the oldest layers are at the bottom and the youngest at the top. Similarly, in a stack of magazines you've been saving, the oldest issues would be at the bottom of the stack, while the most recent ones would be on top. This organization allows you to easily identify which magazines are newer and which ones are older, just like geologists can determine the relative ages of rock layers.
The boundary between older rock layers and newly deposited rock layers is typically marked by a disconformity or an angular unconformity. A disconformity occurs when there is a gap in the geological record due to erosion or lack of deposition, with both layers being parallel. An angular unconformity, on the other hand, features older rock layers that have been tilted or folded before new layers are deposited on top at an angle. Both types indicate significant geological events that disrupt the continuity of sedimentary layers.
Typically one uses an older file system to be compatible with older systems that do not support a newer (safer) version.
If the situation is as simple as the one you have stated, it isn't difficult. Meanwhile, many faults displace laterally, either in compression or tension so that it can appear that younger rocks overlie older ones. See the law of super-position. Compressive faults generally force younger rocks below older, but not always. See subduction zones. Then see ophiolite suites.
You'll have to go out and buy the newer software. From there, it'll probably have a CD or something to install it onto your computer (not entirely sure, since I've never done it). But there would be instructions that comes with it, that would be able to explain the process to you.
On older vehicles, it would usually mean that the speedometer cable is broken or disconnected. On newer vehicles it would probably be a computer problem.