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Angiitis is a condition where blood or lymph vessels are inflamed.
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What is cerebral angiitis?
Cerebral angiitis is an inflammation of the small arteries in the brain.
How can cerebral angiitis be diagnosed?
Cerebral angiitis may be diagnosed by examining a sample of cerebrospinal fluid, which will likely reveal increased levels of protein and abnormal white cell activity.
What is the prognosis for cerebral angiitis?
Untreated cerebral angiitis will inevitably progress to death, often within a year of the onset of the disease. Current research suggests that slightly more than half of all treated patients have a good outcome.
Is the medical code 446.0 for bronchial croup?
No , ICD 9 Cm Code 446.0- denote - Polyarteritis nodosa Disseminated necrotizing periarteritis Necrotizing angiitis Panarteritis (nodosa) Periarteritis (nodosa Bronchial croup Code 466.0
What are the demographics of cerebral angitis?
It is most common in the middle aged. Cerebral angiitis affects slightly more males than females. It may also be responsible for the unusual presentation of vasculitis in children, often following a simple chicken pox infection.
What is the cause of cerebrovascular accident?
Cerebral angiitis may occur spontaneously, with no known cause, or in conjunction with, or as a sequela to (an aftereffect of) a variety of viral infections, including herpes zoster (shingle), varicella zoster (chicken pox), and HIV/AIDS.
What is the medical term meaning inflammation of any blood or lymph vessel?
Lymphadenitis is inflammation of a lymph node.Typically inflammation of the lymph nodes are signs of immune-activation in the local-area the lymph node supplies. Often this is seen in enlarged, tender lymph nodes.The state is called "lymphadenopathy" - meaning basically "disease of the lymph node(s)". Though lymphadenopathy is quite common in states of heightened immune activity (some may know it from the tender lymph-nodes under the jaw when you have a sore throat), it can also be evident of more serious systemic disease, and if persistent for more than 7-10 days should be seen by a doctor.Inflammation of lymph nodes are simply a response to the activation of that area of the lymphatic system, due to infection of some sort. You have dozens of lymph nodes throughout your body, and several "clearing houses", if you will, that help to filter lymphatic fluid and redistribute it within the lymphatic system.When you get sick or have injury, your body initiates an increase in white blood cells and "T" cells, which both assist in fighting the infection or injury. Those cells are distributed through the blood, and filtered through the lymphatic system. Thus, it is similar to adding sugar to water, then using a coffee filter to strain it. The sugar that collects in the coffee filter is similar to the white blood cells and lymphatic debris that collect in the lymph nodes, which is what causes the inflammation.The state is called "lymphadenopathy" - meaning basically "disease of the lymph node(s)". Though lymphadenopathy is quite common in states of hightened immune activity (some may know it from the tender lymph-nodes under the jaw when you have a sore throat), it can also be evident of more serious systemic disease, and if persistent for more than 7-10 days should be seen by a doctor.lymphadenitisInflammation of lymph nodes are simply a response to the activation of that area of the lymphatic system, due to infection of some sort. You have dozens of lymph nodes throughout your body, and several "clearing houses", if you will, that help to filter lymphatic fluid and redistribute it within the lymphatic system.When you get sick or have injury, your body initiates an increase in white blood cells and "T" cells, which both assist in fighting the infection or injury. Those cells are distributed through the blood, and filtered through the lymphatic system. Thus, it is similar to adding sugar to water, then using a coffee filter to strain it. The sugar that collects in the coffee filter is similar to the white blood cells and lymphatic debris that collect in the lymph nodes, which is what causes the inflammation.lymphadenitis
Extremity angiography?
DefinitionExtremity angiography, or peripheral angiography is a test used to see the arteries in the hands, arms, feet, or legs.Angiography is an imaging test that uses x-rays and a special dye to see inside the arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.Alternative NamesAngiography/arteriography of the extremity; Peripheral angiography; Lower extremity angiogram; Peripheral angiogramHow the test is performedExtremity angiography is done in a special unit of a hospital. You will lie on an x-ray table. You may ask for a sedative if you are anxious about the test.The health care provider will shave and clean an area, usually in the groin.A numbing medicine (anesthetic) is injected into the skin over an artery, and a needle is inserted into that artery.A thin plastic tube called a catheter is passed through the needle, into the artery. It is guided up into the area of the body being studied. The doctor can see live images of the area on a TV-like monitor, and uses them as a guide.The dye flows through the catheter. X-ray images are taken of the artery.Certain treatments can be done during this procedure. Items are passed through the catheter to the area in the artery that needs treatment. These treatments include:Dissolving a blood clot with medicineOpening a partially blocked artery with a balloonPlacing a small tube called a stent into an artery to help hold it openThe health care team will check your pulse (heart rate), blood pressure, and breathing during the procedure.After the x-rays are taken, the catheter is removed. Pressure is immediately applied at the site of insertion for 10 - 15 minutes to stop the bleeding. After that time, the area is checked and a bandage is applied.The arm or leg where the needle was placed should be kept straight for 6 hours after the procedure. You should avoid strenuous activity, such as heavy lifting, for 24 - 48 hours.How to prepare for the testYou should not eat or drink anything for 6 - 8 hours before the test.You may be told to stop taking certain medications such as aspirin or other blood thinners for a short while before the test. However, do NOT stop taking any medicines unless told to do so by your health care provider. Make sure your health care provider knows about all medications you are taking, including all over-the-counter and herbal preparations.You will be asked to wear a hospital gown and sign a consent form. Remove jewelry from the area being studied.Tell your health care provider:If you are pregnantIf you are allergic to any medicationsIf you have ever had an allergic reaction to x-ray contrast material or iodine substancesIf you have ever had any bleeding problemsWhich medications you are taking (including any herbal preparations)How the test will feelThe x-ray table is hard and cold, so you may want to ask for a blanket or pillow. There is a sting when the numbing medicine is injected. You may also feel some pressure as the catheter is positioned.The dye can cause a feeling of warmth and flushing. This is normal and usually goes away in a few seconds.You may have tenderness and bruising at the site of the catheter insertion after the test. If you have swelling, bleeding that doesn't go away, or severe pain in an arm or leg, seek immediate medical care.Why the test is performedThe test is done when someone has symptoms of a narrowed or blocked blood vessel in the arms, hands, legs, or feet.The test may also be done to diagnose:BleedingSwelling or inflammation of the blood vessels (angiitis)Normal ValuesThe x-ray shows normal structures for the age of the patient.What abnormal results meanThe most common abnormal finding is narrowing and hardening of the arteries in the arms or legs due to plaque build-up (hardening of the arteries) in the artery walls.The x-ray may show a blockage in the vessels caused by the following:Aneurysms(abnormal widening or ballooning of part of an artery)Blood clotsOther diseases of the arteriesAbnormal results may also be due to:Inflammation of the blood vesselsInjury to the blood vesselsThromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease)Takayasu's diseaseWhat the risks areComplications may include:Allergic reaction to the contrast dyeBlood clot that travels to the lungsDamage to the blood vessel as the needle and catheter are insertedExcessive bleeding or a blood clot where the catheter is inserted, which can reduce blood flow to the legHeart attack or strokeHematoma -- a collection of blood at the site of the needle punctureInjury to the nerves at the needle puncture siteKidney damage from the dyeThere is low-level radiation exposure. However, most experts feel that the risk of most x-rays is smaller than other risks we take every day. Pregnant women and children are more sensitive to the risks of the x-ray.ReferencesJackson JE, Allison DJ, Meaney J. Angiography: Principles, techniques (including CTA and MRA) and complications. In: Grainger RC, Allison D, Dixon AK, eds. Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 5th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 6.Morgan RA, Belli A-M, Munneke G. Peripheral vascular disease. In: In: Grainger RC, Allison D, Dixon AK, eds. Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 5th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 28.Reviewed ByReview Date: 11/18/2010David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by Shabir Bhimji, MD, PhD, Specializing in General Surgery, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Midland, TX. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Extremes?
DefinitionExtremity angiography, or peripheral angiography is a test used to see the arteries in the hands, arms, feet, or legs.Angiography is an imaging test that uses x-rays and a special dye to see inside the arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.Alternative NamesAngiography/arteriography of the extremity; Peripheral angiography; Lower extremity angiogram; Peripheral angiogramHow the test is performedExtremity angiography is done in a special unit of a hospital. You will lie on an x-ray table. You may ask for a sedative if you are anxious about the test.The health care provider will shave and clean an area, usually in the groin.A numbing medicine (anesthetic) is injected into the skin over an artery, and a needle is inserted into that artery.A thin plastic tube called a catheter is passed through the needle, into the artery. It is guided up into the area of the body being studied. The doctor can see live images of the area on a TV-like monitor, and uses them as a guide.The dye flows through the catheter. X-ray images are taken of the artery.Certain treatments can be done during this procedure. Items are passed through the catheter to the area in the artery that needs treatment. These treatments include:Dissolving a blood clot with medicineOpening a partially blocked artery with a balloonPlacing a small tube called a stent into an artery to help hold it openThe health care team will check your pulse (heart rate), blood pressure, and breathing during the procedure.After the x-rays are taken, the catheter is removed. Pressure is immediately applied at the site of insertion for 10 - 15 minutes to stop the bleeding. After that time, the area is checked and a bandage is applied.The arm or leg where the needle was placed should be kept straight for 6 hours after the procedure. You should avoid strenuous activity, such as heavy lifting, for 24 - 48 hours.How to prepare for the testYou should not eat or drink anything for 6 - 8 hours before the test.You may be told to stop taking certain medications such as aspirin or other blood thinners for a short while before the test. However, do NOT stop taking any medicines unless told to do so by your health care provider. Make sure your health care provider knows about all medications you are taking, including all over-the-counter and herbal preparations.You will be asked to wear a hospital gown and sign a consent form. Remove jewelry from the area being studied.Tell your health care provider:If you are pregnantIf you are allergic to any medicationsIf you have ever had an allergic reaction to x-ray contrast material or iodine substancesIf you have ever had any bleeding problemsWhich medications you are taking (including any herbal preparations)How the test will feelThe x-ray table is hard and cold, so you may want to ask for a blanket or pillow. There is a sting when the numbing medicine is injected. You may also feel some pressure as the catheter is positioned.The dye can cause a feeling of warmth and flushing. This is normal and usually goes away in a few seconds.You may have tenderness and bruising at the site of the catheter insertion after the test. If you have swelling, bleeding that doesn't go away, or severe pain in an arm or leg, seek immediate medical care.Why the test is performedThe test is done when someone has symptoms of a narrowed or blocked blood vessel in the arms, hands, legs, or feet.The test may also be done to diagnose:BleedingSwelling or inflammation of the blood vessels (angiitis)Normal ValuesThe x-ray shows normal structures for the age of the patient.What abnormal results meanThe most common abnormal finding is narrowing and hardening of the arteries in the arms or legs due to plaque build-up (hardening of the arteries) in the artery walls.The x-ray may show a blockage in the vessels caused by the following:Aneurysms(abnormal widening or ballooning of part of an artery)Blood clotsOther diseases of the arteriesAbnormal results may also be due to:Inflammation of the blood vesselsInjury to the blood vesselsThromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease)Takayasu's diseaseWhat the risks areComplications may include:Allergic reaction to the contrast dyeBlood clot that travels to the lungsDamage to the blood vessel as the needle and catheter are insertedExcessive bleeding or a blood clot where the catheter is inserted, which can reduce blood flow to the legHeart attack or strokeHematoma -- a collection of blood at the site of the needle punctureInjury to the nerves at the needle puncture siteKidney damage from the dyeThere is low-level radiation exposure. However, most experts feel that the risk of most x-rays is smaller than other risks we take every day. Pregnant women and children are more sensitive to the risks of the x-ray.ReferencesJackson JE, Allison DJ, Meaney J. Angiography: Principles, techniques (including CTA and MRA) and complications. In: Grainger RC, Allison D, Dixon AK, eds. Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 5th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 6.Morgan RA, Belli A-M, Munneke G. Peripheral vascular disease. In: In: Grainger RC, Allison D, Dixon AK, eds. Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 5th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 28.Reviewed ByReview Date: 11/18/2010David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by Shabir Bhimji, MD, PhD, Specializing in General Surgery, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Midland, TX. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Signs and symptoms of a major stroke?
Causes and symptoms Causes There are four main types of stroke. http://www.answers.com/topic/cerebral-thrombosis-in-medicine and http://www.answers.com/topic/cerebral-embolism are caused by blood http://www.answers.com/topic/clot that block an http://www.answers.com/topic/artery supplying the brain, either in the brain itself or in the neck. These account for 70-80% of all strokes. http://www.answers.com/topic/subarachnoid-hemorrhage and http://www.answers.com/topic/intracerebral-hemorrhage occur when a blood vessel bursts around or in the brain. Cerebral thrombosis occurs when a blood clot, or http://www.answers.com/topic/thrombus, forms within the brain itself, blocking the flow of blood through the affected vessel. Clots most often form due to "http://www.answers.com/topic/hardening" (atherosclerosis) of brain arteries. Cerebral thrombosis occurs most often at night or early in the morning. Cerebral thrombosis is often preceded by a http://www.answers.com/topic/transient-ischemic-attack (http://www.answers.com/topic/tia), sometimes called a "mini-stroke." In a TIA, blood flow is temporarily interrupted, causing short-lived stroke-like symptoms. Recognizing the occurrence of a TIA and seeking immediate treatment are important steps in stroke prevention. Cerebral embolism occurs when a blood clot from elsewhere in the http://www.answers.com/topic/circulatory-system breaks free. If it becomes lodged in an artery supplying the brain, either in the brain or in the neck, it can cause a stroke. The most common cause of cerebral http://www.answers.com/topic/embolism is http://www.answers.com/topic/atrial-fibrillation, a disorder of the http://www.answers.com/topic/heartbeat. In http://www.answers.com/topic/atrial fibrillation, the upper chambers (atria) of the heart beat http://www.answers.com/topic/weakly and rapidly, instead of slowly and steadily. Blood within the atria is not completely emptied. This stagnant blood may form clots within the atria, which can then break off and enter the circulation. Atrial fibrillation is a factor in about 15% of all strokes. The risk of a stroke from atrial http://www.answers.com/topic/fibrillation can be dramatically reduced with daily use of http://www.answers.com/topic/anticoagulant medication. Hemorrhage, or bleeding, occurs when a blood vessel breaks, either from trauma or excess internal pressure. The vessels most likely to break are those with preexisting defects such as an http://www.answers.com/topic/aneurysm. An aneurysm is a "pouching out" of a blood vessel caused by a weak http://www.answers.com/topic/arterial wall. Brain http://www.answers.com/topic/aneurysm are surprisingly common. According to http://www.answers.com/topic/autopsy studies, about 6% of all Americans have them. Aneurysms rarely cause symptoms until they burst. Aneurysms are most likely to burst when blood pressure is highest, and controlling blood pressure is an important preventive strategy. Intracerebral hemorrhage affects vessels within the brain itself, while subarachnoid http://www.answers.com/topic/hemorrhage affects arteries at the brain's surface, just below the protective arachnoid membrane. Intracerebral hemorrhages represent about 10% of all strokes, while subarachnoid hemorrhages account for about 7%. In addition to http://www.answers.com/topic/deprive affected tissues of blood supply, the accumulation of fluid within the http://www.answers.com/topic/inflexible skull creates excess pressure on brain tissue, which can quickly lead to death. Nonetheless, recovery may be more complete for a person who survives hemorrhage than for one who survives a clot, because the blood http://www.answers.com/topic/deprivation effects are usually not as severe. Death of brain cells triggers a chain reaction in which toxic chemicals created by cell death affect other nearby cells. This is one reason why prompt treatment can have such a dramatic effect on final recovery Causes and symptoms Causes There are four main types of stroke. http://www.answers.com/topic/cerebral-thrombosis-in-medicine and http://www.answers.com/topic/cerebral-embolism are caused by blood http://www.answers.com/topic/clot that block an http://www.answers.com/topic/artery supplying the brain, either in the brain itself or in the neck. These account for 70-80% of all strokes. http://www.answers.com/topic/subarachnoid-hemorrhage and http://www.answers.com/topic/intracerebral-hemorrhage occur when a blood vessel bursts around or in the brain. Cerebral thrombosis occurs when a blood clot, or http://www.answers.com/topic/thrombus, forms within the brain itself, blocking the flow of blood through the affected vessel. Clots most often form due to "http://www.answers.com/topic/hardening" (atherosclerosis) of brain arteries. Cerebral thrombosis occurs most often at night or early in the morning. Cerebral thrombosis is often preceded by a http://www.answers.com/topic/transient-ischemic-attack (http://www.answers.com/topic/tia), sometimes called a "mini-stroke." In a TIA, blood flow is temporarily interrupted, causing short-lived stroke-like symptoms. Recognizing the occurrence of a TIA and seeking immediate treatment are important steps in stroke prevention. Cerebral embolism occurs when a blood clot from elsewhere in the http://www.answers.com/topic/circulatory-system breaks free. If it becomes lodged in an artery supplying the brain, either in the brain or in the neck, it can cause a stroke. The most common cause of cerebral http://www.answers.com/topic/embolism is http://www.answers.com/topic/atrial-fibrillation, a disorder of the http://www.answers.com/topic/heartbeat. In http://www.answers.com/topic/atrial fibrillation, the upper chambers (atria) of the heart beat http://www.answers.com/topic/weakly and rapidly, instead of slowly and steadily. Blood within the atria is not completely emptied. This stagnant blood may form clots within the atria, which can then break off and enter the circulation. Atrial fibrillation is a factor in about 15% of all strokes. The risk of a stroke from atrial http://www.answers.com/topic/fibrillation can be dramatically reduced with daily use of http://www.answers.com/topic/anticoagulant medication. Hemorrhage, or bleeding, occurs when a blood vessel breaks, either from trauma or excess internal pressure. The vessels most likely to break are those with preexisting defects such as an http://www.answers.com/topic/aneurysm. An aneurysm is a "pouching out" of a blood vessel caused by a weak http://www.answers.com/topic/arterial wall. Brain http://www.answers.com/topic/aneurysm are surprisingly common. According to http://www.answers.com/topic/autopsy studies, about 6% of all Americans have them. Aneurysms rarely cause symptoms until they burst. Aneurysms are most likely to burst when blood pressure is highest, and controlling blood pressure is an important preventive strategy. Intracerebral hemorrhage affects vessels within the brain itself, while subarachnoid http://www.answers.com/topic/hemorrhage affects arteries at the brain's surface, just below the protective arachnoid membrane. Intracerebral hemorrhages represent about 10% of all strokes, while subarachnoid hemorrhages account for about 7%. In addition to http://www.answers.com/topic/deprive affected tissues of blood supply, the accumulation of fluid within the http://www.answers.com/topic/inflexible skull creates excess pressure on brain tissue, which can quickly lead to death. Nonetheless, recovery may be more complete for a person who survives hemorrhage than for one who survives a clot, because the blood http://www.answers.com/topic/deprivation effects are usually not as severe. Death of brain cells triggers a chain reaction in which toxic chemicals created by cell death affect other nearby cells. This is one reason why prompt treatment can have such a dramatic effect on final recovery
