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1.They have to have counter shading, which is when an organism is light on the bottom and dark on the top, so when predators look down at the dark ocean floor, the organism is nearly invisible, and the same when a predator looks up at the light ocean surface the organism is nearly invisible.

2. Another adaptation is for plankton, they have to increase their body mass to increase drag, allowing them to stay afloat, because plankton, unlike nekton, cannot propel themselves, and they cannot sink otherwise they would not have enough sunlight to photosynthesize

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