Daoism
Legalism is the Chinese philosophy that believes all humans are born evil and require strict laws and harsh punishments to maintain social order and obedience. This philosophy seeks to control behavior through severe punishment and rewards, with an emphasis on the power of the state to enforce adherence to the law.
The central debate in the good vs. evil philosophy revolves around whether humans are inherently good or evil, and how this impacts their actions and behavior.
St. Augustine's philosophy of man emphasizes the concept of original sin, the belief that humans are inherently flawed due to the fall of Adam and Eve. He believed that humans possess free will and must choose between good and evil. Augustine also focused on the importance of grace and redemption through faith in God.
One philosopher who believed that humans were evil by nature was Thomas Hobbes. In his work "Leviathan," Hobbes argued that humans are naturally self-interested and competitive, which leads to a state of constant conflict and strife. He believed that a strong central authority was necessary to prevent chaos and maintain order in society.
Moral evil is distinguished from ontological evil. Moral evil is due to human beings, whereas ontological evil is not. For example, moral evil occurs when humans beings deliberately harm each other. They sometimes kill, rape, slander, and steal from each other. Such acts are instances of moral evil. Ontological evil occurs when humans are harmed by natural forces. They are sometimes killed, burned, crippled, and harmed by such natural forces as earthquakes, disease, and forest fires.
Legalism is the Chinese philosophy that believes all humans are born evil and require strict laws and harsh punishments to maintain social order and obedience. This philosophy seeks to control behavior through severe punishment and rewards, with an emphasis on the power of the state to enforce adherence to the law.
The central debate in the good vs. evil philosophy revolves around whether humans are inherently good or evil, and how this impacts their actions and behavior.
The Zhou System
Legalism
Total depravity is a doctrine based on original sin. It claims that every person born into the world is unable to refrain from evil. It is advocated by many Protestant schools, including Lutheranism, Arminianism, and Calvinism.
Several philosophers have held this belief, but Rousseau would be a start. Rousseau's philosophy ran that humans are born good, and evil is a thing that must be learned.
if humans are born evil (but correctable) or born good (but corruptible)
Peter Dews has written: 'The Idea of Evil' -- subject(s): Good and evil 'Habermas: Autonomy and Solidarity' 'The limits of disenchantment' -- subject(s): European Philosophy, Modern Philosophy, Philosophy, European, Philosophy, Modern
Apollo gave evil to humans because he would slaughter them
No
George S. Patton has written: 'Beyond good and evil' -- subject(s): German Philosophy, Good and evil, Philosophy, German
Only evil.