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The ship has two forces that affect the fraction of its volume that is above the surface of the water. The ship's weight is the downward force. The buoyant force is the upward force. Since the ship is floating, the magnitudes of these two forces are equal. The buoyant force is dependent on the density of the water. The density of salt water is greater than the density of fresh water. Let's look at the equation below.

Buoyant force = Density * g * Volume of displaced water

According to the equation, the buoyant force is directly proportional to the density. Since salt water is denser than fresh water, the buoyant force will be greater in salt water than fresh water. This force will push the ship up higher than if the ship was floating in fresh water. You could do this at home. Make a saturated solution of salt water. Then place a small wooden block into a glass of salt water. Use a ruler to measure the height of the fraction of the block that is above the surface of the salt water. Then place the block into a glass of fresh water and measure the height of the fraction of the block that is above the surface of the fresh water. You will see that the block is floating higher is salt water than in fresh water.

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