No. It contracts in the direction of velocity vector.
No, because the orbital is really just an abraction - the electron isn't racing around the orbital like a racecar, so there isn't a speed. The orbital is a better measure of the electrons potential energy.
The total energy of a particle with rest mass m and momentum p moving at a velocity close to the speed of light is given by Einstein's equation: E^2 = (pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2, where c is the speed of light. Since the particle is moving at a velocity close to light, its total energy will be dominated by its momentum term (pc)^2.
The speed of a gamma particle is approximately the speed of light, which is around 299,792 kilometers per second in a vacuum.
In physics, the relationship between the speed of light (c), energy (E), and momentum (p) of a particle is described by the equation E pc, where E is the energy of the particle, p is its momentum, and c is the speed of light. This equation shows that the energy of a particle is directly proportional to its momentum and the speed of light.
M = M0 / sqrt( 1 - v2/c2 )If M = 2M0 thensqrt( 1 - v2/c2 ) = 0.5( 1 - v2/c2 ) = 0.251 - 0.25 = 0.75 = v2/c2v2 = 0.75 c2v = sqrt(0.75) c = 0.866 c = 259,627,885 meters (161,325 miles) per second
No, according to the theory of relativity, it is impossible for any particle with mass to reach or exceed the speed of light. Accelerators can increase the speed of particles to high fractions of the speed of light, but they cannot exceed it.
A non-relativistic particle is any particle not traveling at a speed close to the speed of light. This is not a property of particular type of particle; any particle may in general travel at any speed (below the speed of light). An exception are particles which are massless such as photons and gluons, these MUST travel at the speed of light.
No, because the orbital is really just an abraction - the electron isn't racing around the orbital like a racecar, so there isn't a speed. The orbital is a better measure of the electrons potential energy.
The total energy of a particle with rest mass m and momentum p moving at a velocity close to the speed of light is given by Einstein's equation: E^2 = (pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2, where c is the speed of light. Since the particle is moving at a velocity close to light, its total energy will be dominated by its momentum term (pc)^2.
Photons ('particles' of light) have zero rest mass. When they move at the speed of light (the normal situation) they do have momentum due to the relativistic nature of the Universe. If we were to hypothesize light particles with mass the development of the Universe would be entirely different.
Photons begin their existence travelling at the speed of light, they do not "acquire" this speed.
It is not possible for a particle with mass to reach the speed of light, as it would require infinite energy. Additionally, at speeds approaching the speed of light, relativistic effects become significant, causing time dilation and length contraction.
electrons
Well, if it is a particle of light (a photon) it takes about a second and a half. If it is any other particle, one that does not move at the speed of light, then you have to define a speed for it.
The speed of a gamma particle is approximately the speed of light, which is around 299,792 kilometers per second in a vacuum.
In physics, the relationship between the speed of light (c), energy (E), and momentum (p) of a particle is described by the equation E pc, where E is the energy of the particle, p is its momentum, and c is the speed of light. This equation shows that the energy of a particle is directly proportional to its momentum and the speed of light.
No.