To calculate strain from stress in a material, you can use the formula: Strain Stress / Young's Modulus. Stress is the force applied to the material, and Young's Modulus is a measure of the material's stiffness. By dividing the stress by the Young's Modulus, you can determine the amount of deformation or strain the material undergoes under the applied stress.
To determine the shear strain in a material, you can find the shear strain by dividing the displacement of the material parallel to the shearing force by the original length of the material. This calculation helps quantify how much the material deforms under shear stress.
To calculate strength in a material or structure, you can use formulas that consider factors like the material's properties and the forces acting on it. One common method is to calculate the stress on the material by dividing the force applied by the material's cross-sectional area. Then, compare this stress to the material's ultimate tensile strength to determine if it can withstand the load.
Ductility can be determined from a stress-strain curve by looking at the point where the material starts to deform plastically. This is typically shown by a decrease in slope on the curve, indicating that the material is undergoing permanent deformation. The more the curve deviates from the initial linear portion, the more ductile the material is.
The shear modulus of a material can be determined by conducting a shear test, where a force is applied parallel to the surface of the material to measure its resistance to deformation. The shear modulus is calculated by dividing the shear stress by the shear strain experienced by the material during the test.
The three types of stresses are compression, tension and shear...
To determine the shear strain in a material, you can find the shear strain by dividing the displacement of the material parallel to the shearing force by the original length of the material. This calculation helps quantify how much the material deforms under shear stress.
To calculate strength in a material or structure, you can use formulas that consider factors like the material's properties and the forces acting on it. One common method is to calculate the stress on the material by dividing the force applied by the material's cross-sectional area. Then, compare this stress to the material's ultimate tensile strength to determine if it can withstand the load.
Ductility can be determined from a stress-strain curve by looking at the point where the material starts to deform plastically. This is typically shown by a decrease in slope on the curve, indicating that the material is undergoing permanent deformation. The more the curve deviates from the initial linear portion, the more ductile the material is.
Wherever there is stress there is strain. In the example you noted, if heated bar expands freely without one end constained it changes its strain without stress; that strain is called eigenstrain. If the same bar is held rigidly then the eigenstrain resisted and you get stress and strain. So stress cannot exist without strain; but strain can exist without stress if it is eigenstrain.
stress
Stress is the load per unit area acting within a material. It can be thought of as the internal resistive response of a material to an externally applied pressure.Strain is the change in shape of an object in response to external pressure or internal stress. To complicate matters, strain causes the transmission of stress through an object (as in simple terms the strain causes an internal "movement" causing one part of the inside of an object to press against the material next to it generating stress in this region, this in turn can cause more strain and so on!).There are a number of differing types of strain, for example axial strain is defined as the change in length relative to the original length of an object (e.g. a steel wire being stretched). This change in shape is also called deformation. Volumetric strain occurs when an object is squashed or pulled on all sides leading to a change in volume.
From the Hooke law, stress s is proportional to strain e; s = Ee where E is elastic modulus of the material; the stress is the bending stress which varies from plus on one surface to minus on the opposite surface.
Strain
The modulus of elasticity is a property specific to a given material and in practice is derived through laboratory testing. The modulus of elasticity is defined as stress/strain. One would have to apply a force uniformly over a known cross section of a material and monitor the strain utilising strain gauges. When the results are plotted you will notice that you get elastic behaviour up to a point of yield (this is known as the yield stress in normal carbon steels, however in stainless steel where the yield point is not as defined, we normally accept it to be the 0.2% strain) and the material should behave linearly in this area. If you take the gradient of the stress/strain, this will be your Elastic modulus. Please note that the plotted curve will begin to flatten off roughly at the 0.2% strain line and this is due to the fact that the material has yielded. even after this point the material will not fail but will act 'plastically' up to a point where the material fractures which we call the ultimate stress.
The shear modulus of a material can be determined by conducting a shear test, where a force is applied parallel to the surface of the material to measure its resistance to deformation. The shear modulus is calculated by dividing the shear stress by the shear strain experienced by the material during the test.
An infinite amount... for any given Strain, there is a corresponding Stress value. To see what I mean, plot a Stress Strain graph in excel using 10 sets of values, then do another using 20... the one with 20 has a smoother curve, see where I'm coming from?
Strain aging could be described as " normal wear and tear " or the fatigue that is experienced under normal conditions, whereas Dynamic strain would be an out of the normal range stress condition like a one time over stress condition where the sum of much strain aging is experienced in one " dynamic" occurrence.