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Substances undergo physical changes as their thermal energy increases or decreases. The way in which this happens depends on the phase of the substance. For instance, when a gas or liquid obtains heat, the molecules of the gas or liquid have many "degrees of freedom", or ways in which they may move, to express the increase in heat. For example, a molecule of liquid or gas could vibrate more quickly, or rotate more quickly or could just move up, down or side to side faster than it did before. Solids, on the other hand, have less degrees of freedom because all of the molecule which comprise it are held together. So for solids, usually the molecules vibrate faster, but do not rotate.
Remember that all molecules made up of charged particles heat up via the absorption of photons. In most cases, this is a microwave or infrared photon. In most cases, microwave photons will cause rotations and infrared photons will create vibrations.
What else can I help you with?
Does the amount of substance change its thermal energy?
Yes, the more substance you have, the slower the temperature change.
What does a substance gain or lose when its temperature changes?
The density of the substance becomes higher because of the particles slow down and move closer together when the substance cools.
What is the equation for meausuring the change in thermal energy?
The equation for measuring the change in thermal energy is: Q = mcΔT, where Q is the change in thermal energy, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
When a substance is what it gains thermal energy?
When a substance gains thermal energy, its temperature increases as the particles within the substance move faster and have greater kinetic energy. This increased thermal energy can lead to changes in the physical state of the substance, such as melting or boiling if enough energy is absorbed.
What does a change form a liquid to a solid involve in thermal energy?
When a liquid changes to a solid, thermal energy is released from the substance. This energy is used for the particles to slow down and become more ordered into a solid state. The release of thermal energy is known as heat of fusion.
When a substance changes state what happens to its thermal energy?
Changes the temperature of the substance
Does the amount of substance change its thermal energy?
Yes, the more substance you have, the slower the temperature change.
What happens to a substance as its thermal energy increases?
As thermal energy increases, the substance's particles move faster, leading to an increase in temperature. Eventually, the substance may undergo a phase change (e.g., melting or boiling) or undergo chemical reactions if the increase in energy is significant enough.
What does a substance gain or lose when its temperature changes?
The density of the substance becomes higher because of the particles slow down and move closer together when the substance cools.
What is the equation for meausuring the change in thermal energy?
The equation for measuring the change in thermal energy is: Q = mcΔT, where Q is the change in thermal energy, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
What change when the amount of a substance change?
total thermal energy
Has thermal energy been transfered into or out of a substance if the average kinetic energy changes?
Temperature is a measure of the average KE of the PARTICLES of a substance. So if the temperature changes, ave KE changes, thus thermal energy will have been transferred.
When a substance is what it gains thermal energy?
When a substance gains thermal energy, its temperature increases as the particles within the substance move faster and have greater kinetic energy. This increased thermal energy can lead to changes in the physical state of the substance, such as melting or boiling if enough energy is absorbed.
What happens to the thermal energy of a substance during a physical change of state?
it will increase or decrease depending on the states. from solid --> liquid or liquid --> gas it is positive and endothermic, and thermal energy is increasing from liquid --> solid or gas --> liquid it is negative and exothermic, and thermal energy is decreasing
How is the thermal energy of a substance related to its state?
The thermal energy of a substance determines its state, since thermal energy, aka internal energy, is the energy the molecules in the substance have. If the energy exceeds the force holding the substance together the substance undergoes a phase change.The physical state of a substance is related to its temperature, the measure of thermal energy. The substance can change states depending on the temperature, e.g. boiling.
How is the thermal energy of a substance related to it physical state?
The thermal energy of a substance determines its state, since thermal energy, aka internal energy, is the energy the molecules in the substance have. If the energy exceeds the force holding the substance together the substance undergoes a phase change.The physical state of a substance is related to its temperature, the measure of thermal energy. The substance can change states depending on the temperature, e.g. boiling.
What does a change form a liquid to a solid involve in thermal energy?
When a liquid changes to a solid, thermal energy is released from the substance. This energy is used for the particles to slow down and become more ordered into a solid state. The release of thermal energy is known as heat of fusion.
