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What is gram equivalent weight of potassium dichromate?
The gram equivalent weight of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) is calculated as the molar mass divided by the change in oxidation state per mole of electrons involved in the reaction. For potassium dichromate, since the change in oxidation state is 6 (from Cr6+ to Cr3+), the gram equivalent weight is molar mass of K2Cr2O7 divided by 6.
What is the most common ion for chromium?
The most important cation of chromium is Cr3+; but also exist Cr3+, Cr6+, Cr1+, Cr4+, Cr5+.
What is the oxidation charge of chromium?
Usually +2, but all the different charges (+3, +6) can be found in chromium's box on the table.
What is En-31?
En31 Grade is an Commercial quality grade. It can be supplied in either in Anneal or Harden-Temper condition. It is equivalent to 100 Cr6 Grade . Its having higher %C & %Cr. Babin Subba
Is chromium fluoride ionic or covalent bond?
Chromium chloride can is either CrCl3 or CrCl6. A salt is usually uncharged since the cation (here Cr3+ or Cr6+) and the anion (Cl-) combine to neutralise the charges and form a salt. Some salts can have some covalent characteristics though, but in this case both compounds above are neutral.
What is the chemical formula for chromium cyanide?
Cr(CN)2
What are the three most poisonous elements?
Some of the poisonous elements areFLOURINE, ARSENIC, MERCURY, LEAD,-- ANSWER --The following elements are poisonousAluminumAntimonyArsenic (metalloid)BariumBerylliumCadmiumChlorineHexavalent Chromium Cr6+LeadMercuryOsmiumThalliumVanadiumPolonium (metalloid)ThoriumRadiumUraniumTransuranium elements (e.g., polonium, americium)Radioactive isotopes of metals that might not otherwise be highly toxic (e.g., cobalt-60, strontium-90)
How do you use uv spectroscopy to determine to the oxidation state of transition metals?
In some simple cases, when transition metals are in solution in water without a complex matrix, the UV spectra of different oxidation states of transition metals are different: Fe2+ and FE3+ Cr3+/Cr6+...complexes can be formed with organic molecules with different spectra for different oxidation states, and FIA (Flow Injection Analysis) can be used. In difficult cases (complex mixtures) multivariate models can be used successfully (PLS), but elaborating calibration models can be tedious! Di Benedetto
What is the electron configuration for Cr4?
Long-hand version: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1 3d^5 Short-hand version: [Ar] 4s^2 3d^4 Note: The "^" symbol means the the following number is in the form of a superscript. The above is wrong because Cr is an exception. the actual answer is [Ar] 4s^1 3d^5 because it has a half filled subshell
What is the most dangerous element of the periodic table?
Although a reasonable and simple question, this query is difficult to answer because elements are dangerous for different reasons. Following are only some ways in which elements can be dangerous..ToxicityTechnically, anything is toxic (even water) if consumed in large enough quantities. Following is an incomplete list of known toxic elements. (Source: http://chemistry.about.com/od/toxicchemicals/a/toxicelements.htm). Elements marked with an asterisk (*) are both toxic and radioactive. AluminumAmericium *AntimonyArsenicBariumBerylliumCadmiumHexavalent Chromium Cr6+LeadMercuryOsmiumPolonium *Radium *ThalliumThorium *VanadiumUranium *.RadioactivityThere are also many radioactive elements, which may also be harmful, even if they are not toxic. The danger due to radioactivity depends upon both the half life of the element, as well as the decay mode. According to Rankopedia, the most dangerous radioactive elements are, in order: PlutoniumUraniumPoloniumFancieRadonNeptuniumTechnetiumAstatineCaliforniumEinsteiniumRadiumBerkeliumBismuthAmericiumThoriumMendeleviumDubniumCuriumRoentgeniumUnunquadiumActiniumUnunoctiumSeaborigiumProtactinium.ReactivityElements that are highly reactive are more dangerous because the interact, sometimes violently, with many common substances, including water. The resulting chemical reactions can be harmful or fatal, depending upon the circumstances. Reactivity is always between two or more elements, so there is not necessarily one single most reactive element, however the more reactive elements include: FluorineCesiumFranciumBrominePotassium
What is the best way to set up an Octopi working on a creality CR6 max printer so that you can operate it remotely?
Actually this turned out to be incredibly easy. I got a raspberry pie 3A, and I just downloaded the octopi software onto an SD drive like one of the mini ones, and that has the operating system right on it. So, if you go to the raspberry Pi website they have a program that when you download it and you install it and then when you run it on your PC it gives you a list of operating systems that the raspberry Pi can use and one of them is the octopi. So all you have to do is just select the octopi from that list and it will install it onto your SD drive. And then once that's installed on there you just have to configure your Wi-Fi so it knows to connect to Wi-Fi which is a file folder on your SD drive You can fill in the SSID number and your passcode to your Wi-Fi. Then all you have to do is on a computer that's connected to your Wi-Fi or like a smartphone or whatever go to the web address for your octopi which is 192.168.87.250. If you type that into your browser address bar It will open up the octopi GUI which is basically a web page. From there you can do your whatever configurations you need to and you can get it up and running. So then to connect it to your printer all you have to do is connect the output that's on that raspberry Pi so like the USB output put that into the USB input of your 3D printer. Typically they're like a micro or a mini end on one side and a USB-a and that's required. There's a caveat here though, on some of the printers that are make reality made and maybe even some other ones - if they're running off of regular power the USB can sometimes cause issues to the printer because it can't decide what it's trying to power the motherboard off of if it's going to try to power it off the USB or if it's going to power it off of the actual printer itself the the main power source so you might get it flickering back and forth and if it does that it can actually fry your your motherboard so what I did on my USB cable is I went in very carefully and I cut the power wire off of it so the red one I cut that and made it so it wasn't an actual power wire anymore so I just had the three main wires that were running. The the ground and the two data. So those connect to the raspberry Pi in the still in the regular USB cable and then that connects to the 3D printer and when you go on to your computer to that web page you can tell it to connect your to your printer and once it connects it knows all the things that it needs to know. Like you'll have to specify your printer type or whatever your bed size, but it'll give you a graphical interface that you can raise your printer up or lower it or or tell it to print an actual print from. It's pretty slick, because you can also get a camera that goes with your raspberry Pi if you train that onto your printer you can see exactly how it's doing and you can be able to access this anywhere. I would recommend using some type of SSH or get some kind of a security thing in there though because it is open Wi-Fi onto your network so it is hackable if somebody was so wanted to, but if you're not concerned about that that's as hard as it gets to set up It's pretty slick basically it's just get your raspberry Pi get your operating system onto your SD card hook it up to your printer and you're good to go.
Camphor synthesis of camphor by retro-synthesis?
Expmt # 803 The Synthesis of Camphor from Camphene: Carbocation Rearrangment & Jones Oxidation Adapted from "Experiments in Organic Chemistry: From Microscale to Macroscale" by Jonathon S. Nimitz, Prentice-Hall, 1991. You may recall that the order of carbocation stability obeys the following trend: Next to O or N > tertiary, allylic, or benzylic > secondary > primary > methyl In fact, it is extremely difficult to form a primary carbocation and virtually impossible to form a methyl carbocation in solution. If a secondary carbocation can rearrange to form a tertiary carbocation by shifting an alkyl, aryl, or hydride group from a neighboring carbon, it is likely to do so. Carbocation rearrangements are also often observed in ring systems as is seen in the synthesis of camphor from camphene (shown below). CH2 HOAc Camphene H O O Isobornyl acetate OH-, H2O H HO Isoboneol CrO3 H2SO4 O Camphor This experiment involves the three-step synthesis of camphor from camphene as shown. You will be required to do background reading on camphor; pertinent information is to be included in the Introduction section of your final report. The mechanism of this route (beginning with camphene through camphor) is also to be determined and included in the Discussion section of the final report. Procedure A: Rearrangement of Camphene to Isobornyl Acetate In a 100-mL beaker, place glacial acetic acid (400 mmol) and camphene (80 mmol). Heat the mixture for 15-20 minutes on a hot plate, keeping the temperature within the range 90-100°C. Add 15 mL of cold water and cool the beaker in an ice bath. Place the mixture in a separatory funnel and remove the aqueous layer, keeping the upper layer of isobornyl acetate in the funnel. Wash with 10 mL of water, then with 10 mL of 10% aqueous sodium carbonate. Dry the organic layer over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and weigh the product. Calculate % yield of this step. Take IR and 1H NMR and melting point of this product. Procedure B: Hydrolysis of Isobornyl Acetate to Isoborneol Set up a 100-mL round-bottomed flask with a water-cooled condenser and heating mantle. In the flask, place isobornyl from step A. Now, based on the mass of your product, calculate and add 2.5 mL of 2.5 M KOH in 75% ethanol/25% water for every gram of isobornyl acetate used. Reflux the mixture for 45-60 minutes. Cool the flask to room temperature using an ice bath, and pour the reaction mixture slowly with swirling into a beaker containing 50 mL of a mixture of ice and water. The isoborneol precipitates; collect the solid by suction filtration and wash it with cold water. Leave the crude solid in an open beaker in the hood (labeled) or in your locker to draw until the next lab period. At that time, take a melting point, an IR and 1H NMR of this product. Also, weigh and calculate % yield Procedure C: Jones Oxidation Isoborneol to Camphor For each gram of crude isoborneol obtained in step B, place into a beaker 1.75 mL of Jones reagent. Jones reagent consists of CrO3 in aqueous H2SO4, which forms the strong oxidizing agent chromic acid, H2CrO4. The solution is 2.67 M in Cr6+. In a separate Erlenmeyer flask, dissolve the isoborneol in 10 mL of acetone. Over the course of 10 minutes, add the Jones reagent dropwise to the isoborneol solution with swirling. Let the mixture stand for 30 minutes with occasional stirring. At the end of this time, pour the solution onto 250 mL of an ice-water mixture in a large beaker. Stir well, then vacuum filter to collect the precipitated camphor. Allow the product to air dry at room temperature by placing it on a large filter paper on a watchglass. Once dry, weigh the crude product. Sublime the crude camphor product. (Information on sublimation can be found in Chapter 6 on page 139 of the Lab Guide). Weigh pure product and take a melting point. Analyze by 1H and 13C NMR and IR. Final Report Be sure to annotate all spectral data. Include the mechanism of each step of the reaction scheme in the Discussion section of your final report.
