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When an object falls, it experiences a drag force ,Fd, (air resistance) in the opposite direction of the force due to gravity, Fg,. The velocity is also opposite and squarely proportional to the drag force, meaning as the velocity of the object increases, so does the force in the opposite direction. Newton's second law states that the sum of the forces, Fnet, equals the mass of the object, m, times the acceleration, a, (Fd-Fg=Fnet=ma). When the magnitude of the drag force equals that of the force due to gravity, the net force is now zero due to the opposite direction of the two forces (Fd-Fg=0=ma). Now, acceleration must equal zero, therefore velocity is now at a constant "terminal" velocity.
Equations:
Fd=(1/2)pv2CdA
Fg=(GM1M2)/r2
Where: p is the mass density of air in kg/m3
v is the velocity of the object in m/s
Cd is the drag coefficient
A is the cross-sectional area of the object in m2
G is the gravitational constant (6.67384*10-11)
M1 is the mass of the earth in this case (5.972*1024) in kg
M2 is the mass of the falling object in kg
r is the distance between the centers of mass of the two masses,
meaning the distance from the center of the earth to the object
You can derive from the given information that the terminal velocity is:
v=((2GM1M2)/(r2pCdA))1/2
What else can I help you with?
What factors determine terminal velocity?
Terminal velocity is determined by the balance between gravitational force pulling an object downward and air resistance opposing its motion. Factors influencing terminal velocity include the object's weight, its surface area exposed to air resistance, and the density of the medium through which it is falling. Increasing any of these factors can increase terminal velocity.
What is the graph of the motion of a body falling vertically that reaches a terminal speed?
The graph of the motion of a body falling vertically that reaches a terminal speed would show an initial acceleration until the body reaches its terminal velocity. At this point, the graph would level off, showing constant velocity as the body falls continuously.
How is gravity related to terminal velocity?
Based on the 9th grade book of Physical Science... Gravity is a force that acts between two masses, and Terminal velocity is the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance equals the force of gravity. So, gravity causes objects to accelerate downward, whereas air resistance acts in the direction opposite to the motion and reduces acceleration... which ties together terminal velocity.
How is motion related to velocity?
Velocity is a vector quantity that describes both the speed and direction of an object's motion. It indicates how fast an object is moving and in which direction. Motion refers to the overall change in position of an object over time, which can be described by its velocity.
What forces work on a skydiver?
(standard air pressure and gravity)>(Constant) Force down (newtons) = mass * acceleration due to gravity>Say 70 kg skydiver @ 9.82 m/s/s = 70 * 9.82 = 687.4 newtons>Force up (newtons) = velocity 2 * drag coefficient (say 0.16 typical)>Terminal velocity (when forces balance) 687.4 = v 2 * 0.16Terminal velocity = square root (687.4 / 0.16)= 65.546 metres per second ( 147 mph) terminal velocity
What is related to force?
mass, acceleration, motion - speed and velocity, newtons 1st law force = mass * acceleration speed requires force to change force acts on velocity to change it newtons 1st law describes force
What is the value of I in a math problem?
u = initial velocity in newtons equations of motion.
Is it true that an object in motion at a constant velocity will change its motion only if a central force acts on it?
yes it is one of newtons laws of motion
The blank is reached when the force of gravity is balanced by air resistance the size of the air resistance force depends on the shape of an object and it's speed?
yes force down in newtons = (mass * acceleration due to gravity) constant force up in newtons = ( velocity^2 * drag coefficient) increases with velocity until terminal velocity reached, forces balance , no further acceleration. if mass(m) and terminal velocity(tv) are known, drag coefficient(dc) can be calculated. if : (m * g) = (tv^2 * dc) so: dc = (m * g )/( tv^2) drag coefficient is dependent on shape and texture, and is exclusive to each object. air resistance to motion increases as to the square of velocity
What factors determine terminal velocity?
Terminal velocity is determined by the balance between gravitational force pulling an object downward and air resistance opposing its motion. Factors influencing terminal velocity include the object's weight, its surface area exposed to air resistance, and the density of the medium through which it is falling. Increasing any of these factors can increase terminal velocity.
What is the graph of the motion of a body falling vertically that reaches a terminal speed?
The graph of the motion of a body falling vertically that reaches a terminal speed would show an initial acceleration until the body reaches its terminal velocity. At this point, the graph would level off, showing constant velocity as the body falls continuously.
Why can friction make observing newton's first law of motion terminal velocity?
This question does not make sense
What can air resistence do?
Offers a force opposed to motion, amount (newtons) is derived from: (Velocity 2 * drag coefficient) + rolling resistance
How is gravity related to terminal velocity?
Based on the 9th grade book of Physical Science... Gravity is a force that acts between two masses, and Terminal velocity is the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance equals the force of gravity. So, gravity causes objects to accelerate downward, whereas air resistance acts in the direction opposite to the motion and reduces acceleration... which ties together terminal velocity.
How is motion related to velocity?
Velocity is a vector quantity that describes both the speed and direction of an object's motion. It indicates how fast an object is moving and in which direction. Motion refers to the overall change in position of an object over time, which can be described by its velocity.
When an object reaches terminal velocity what is the net force acting on the object?
When an object is at terminal velocity, the two forces due to gravity and drag are equal, so the object ceases accelerating. Its motion is constant and vertically downward.
What forces work on a skydiver?
(standard air pressure and gravity)>(Constant) Force down (newtons) = mass * acceleration due to gravity>Say 70 kg skydiver @ 9.82 m/s/s = 70 * 9.82 = 687.4 newtons>Force up (newtons) = velocity 2 * drag coefficient (say 0.16 typical)>Terminal velocity (when forces balance) 687.4 = v 2 * 0.16Terminal velocity = square root (687.4 / 0.16)= 65.546 metres per second ( 147 mph) terminal velocity
