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We have Lennard-Jones Potential given by,

U=4epsilon[{(sigma/R)^12}- {(sigma/R)^6}]

At equilibrium, dU/dR=0 if U is minimum.

Solving, we get U=-epsilon which is indeed the bottom of the potential well.

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Why potential energy is minimum at equilibrium distance?

At equilibrium distance, the forces between atoms or molecules are balanced, resulting in stable and minimum potential energy. Any deviation from this distance would cause a change in potential energy as the forces try to bring the atoms back to equilibrium. This results in a minimum potential energy state at the equilibrium distance.


When is a pendulum at rest?

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Are lattice and cohesive energies same?

Lattice energy is energy required to separate ions to infinite distance with no more interaction. Cohesive energy is energy required to separate atoms to infinite distance with no more interaction.


Does energy transfer when both objects are at thermal equilibrium?

No, energy does not transfer when both objects are at thermal equilibrium because there is no temperature difference between them. At thermal equilibrium, the objects are at the same temperature, so there is no net flow of heat energy between them.

Related Questions

Why potential energy is minimum at equilibrium distance?

At equilibrium distance, the forces between atoms or molecules are balanced, resulting in stable and minimum potential energy. Any deviation from this distance would cause a change in potential energy as the forces try to bring the atoms back to equilibrium. This results in a minimum potential energy state at the equilibrium distance.


The lowest point on a wave is the wave?

Minimum? Distance from equilibrium to minimum is the amplitude...


When is a pendulum at rest?

A pendulum is at rest when it is not swinging, at the lowest point of its swing. This is known as the equilibrium position where the potential energy is at its minimum and the kinetic energy is at zero.


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What is cohesive energy of a molecule?

To calculate the cohesive energy, let us consider the general situation of two identical atoms. As the atoms approach, the attractive forces increases and potential energy decreases. At the equilibrium position the potential energy of either two atom is given by U= decrease in potential energy due to attraction + increase in potential energy due to repulsion. work done in moving through a small distance dr is given by du(r) + F(r)dr Hence the potential energy if the atom U(r)=int du(r) = int F(r)dr = int(A/rM - B/rN)dr


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Something is in "equilibrium" when it is in a state of perfect balance or rest. All forces acting on it are equal and opposite. It is in a "minimum" energy state.


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What is the difference between a local energy minimum and a global energy minimum in the context of energy optimization?

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