Water vapour changing to solid on a surface is sublimation of the vapour. For water the product is referred to as rime or hoarfrost.
Frost
When water vapor in the air comes into contact with a cooler surface, it loses energy and condenses into liquid water droplets. This process is known as condensation and it occurs when the air is saturated with moisture and the temperature of the surface is below the dew point temperature.
Yes - the practical experience of many photographers confirms that if you take warm equipment outside into cold conditions that condensation will form on the surface of eg the lens. Interestingly, this result is not predicted by basic theory. In almost every explanation of condensation that you will find, condensation occurs when warm air is cooled by a cooler surface so that the air drops below its "dew point" and can no longer contain all of the water that it is carrying. So, the condensation from cold air on a warm surface is not expected, but is a very real actual effect. Various scenarios can be proposed to explain this apparent anomaly. So far I have not met a satisfying explanation BUT the effect is real.
Water vapor that condenses on a surface with a temperature below 0 degrees Celsius will freeze and form ice. This process is known as deposition, where water vapor changes directly into a solid state without going through the liquid phase.
When the temperature decreases, substances can change phase from a gas to a liquid or from a liquid to a solid. This is known as condensation or freezing.
Frost
Frost
This is typically known as "dew".
Water molecules can evaporate from the surface of water, where they gain enough energy to overcome surface tension and escape into the air. Below the surface, water molecules can also evaporate through a process known as sublimation, where molecules transition directly from a solid to a gas, although this is less common.
condensation. Here is a list for your future reference: gas to liquid: condensation liquid to gas: evaporation liquid to solid: freezing solid to liquid: melting these next two are rare but have been known to happen: solid to gas: sublimation gas to solid: deposition
When water vapor in the air comes into contact with a cooler surface, it loses energy and condenses into liquid water droplets. This process is known as condensation and it occurs when the air is saturated with moisture and the temperature of the surface is below the dew point temperature.
It is known as condensation.
this is known as liquifaction if the gas is cooled to liquid.
Yes - the practical experience of many photographers confirms that if you take warm equipment outside into cold conditions that condensation will form on the surface of eg the lens. Interestingly, this result is not predicted by basic theory. In almost every explanation of condensation that you will find, condensation occurs when warm air is cooled by a cooler surface so that the air drops below its "dew point" and can no longer contain all of the water that it is carrying. So, the condensation from cold air on a warm surface is not expected, but is a very real actual effect. Various scenarios can be proposed to explain this apparent anomaly. So far I have not met a satisfying explanation BUT the effect is real.
When water vapor gets cold it condenses into condensation.
If water vapor condenses on a surface below 0 degrees Celsius, it will freeze and form ice. This occurs because the temperature of the surface is below the freezing point of water, causing the water vapor to change into a solid state.
The change in state would be known as melting. Just for your information: Solid to Liquid = Melting Liquid to Gaseous = Boiling Solid to Gaseous = Sublimation Gaseous to Liquid = Condensation Liquid to Solid = Freezing Gaseous to Solid = Deposition