I think the most prolific experiment to discover the atom and its general structure was the use of and electron gun firing a steady beam of electrons at a thin piece of metal.
the discovery was that electrons didn't pass straight through, or the beam didn't just stop when it hit the surface of the metal. This told us several things, one that this supposedly solid metal wasn't solid and was in fact mostly empty space, and it also proved due to reflections of some electrons that the center of an atom was charged so it would repel the negative electron.
Actually this experiment was not performed with electrons from an electron gun, but with alpha particles emitted from a sample of radium and collimated by a hole in a piece of lead. The alpha particles being positively charged are strongly repelled by the positive nucleus causing them to sometimes rebound directly backwards, electrons being negatively charged are attracted by the positive nucleus and thus only scatter in the forward direction.
Albert Einstein discovered the theory of relativity and is known for this famous equation E=MC2 which was used to create atomic bombs..
The atomic theory was supported by Mendeleev when scientists discovered that elements displayed a periodic trend in their properties when arranged by increasing atomic weight. Mendeleev used this information to create the periodic table, organizing elements by their atomic weights and predicting the properties of missing elements.
To support the effectiveness of this product, evidence from scientific studies, clinical trials, and customer reviews can be used. These sources can provide data and testimonials that demonstrate the product's benefits and impact on users.
Max Planck used mathematical tools, such as calculus, to develop his quantum theory. He also used experimental tools, such as spectroscopy, to gather data to support his ideas. Additionally, he utilized conceptual tools, like the Planck constant, to help explain the behavior of energy at the atomic level.
This is known as circular reasoning, where one idea is used to support the other, creating a loop of logic without any external evidence or support. It often results in a logical fallacy by assuming the conclusion in the premises without providing any new information or evidence.
scientific method used in the development of atomic theory
Instead of just stating his own personal opinions John Dalton cited evidence to support his atomic theory. The giving of evidence - which could be proved or disproved by others - was what soon resulted in his theory being accepted by scientists.
Personal beliefs and opinions are not a kind of evidence used to support evolutionary theory. Scientific evidence such as fossil records, DNA analysis, and observational data are the main sources of evidence.
The argument from silence is when the absence of evidence is used to either support or refute a claim or theory. If there is no evidence to support a claim, it can be refuted using the argument from silence. Conversely, if there is a lack of evidence against a claim, it can be supported using the argument from silence.
Discoveries of physics in the 20th century: electrons, protons, neutrons, radioactivity, nuclear reactions, atomic force microscopy and many others.
He used evidence from landform, climate, and fossils to support his theory of the continental drift.
Four pieces of evidence used by Alfred Wegener to support his theory of continental drift were the fit of the continents, matching geological formations across continents, similar fossil distributions, and glacial evidence in tropical regions.
The redshift of distant galaxies, which is normally attributed to the Doppler effect.=========================Comment #1:It's important to include in the answer the fact that the question speaks ofhow science is NOT done. Evidence is not used to support theory. Theoryis the attempt to explain existing evidence. THAT's how science works.
Alfred Wegener used fossil evidence, geological evidence, and paleoclimatic evidence to support his theory of Continental Drift. Fossils of the same species found on different continents, similar rock formations and mountain ranges across continents, and matching ancient climate patterns were key pieces of evidence that he presented.
Evidence used to support evolutionary theory includes the fossil record showing the progression of species over time, comparative anatomy and genetics showing shared traits among different species, and the observation of natural selection acting on populations leading to adaptation and speciation.
Because all of the observations and evidence are used for support.
DNA is used as evidence to support the theory of evolution by comparing the genetic similarities and differences between different species. By analyzing the DNA sequences of organisms, scientists can trace evolutionary relationships and determine how species have evolved over time. This genetic evidence provides strong support for the idea that all living things are related and have evolved from a common ancestor.