The coefficient of linear expansion for copper is around 16.5 x 10^-6 per degree Celsius. This means that for every degree Celsius increase in temperature, a one-meter length of copper pipe will expand by 16.5 micrometers in length.
The coefficient of linear expansion (α) is one-third of the coefficient of superficial expansion (β), and the coefficient of superficial expansion is one-third of the coefficient of volume expansion (γ). This relationship follows from the dimensional analysis of the expansion coefficients in the respective directions.
The coefficient of volume expansion is the triple of the linear expansion coefficient. So with a volume expansion coefficient of 60×10^-6/°C, the linear expansion coefficient would be 20×10^-6/°C.
Liquids have two coefficients of expansion because they can expand in both volume (volume coefficient of expansion) and in area (area coefficient of expansion) when heated. The volume coefficient of expansion relates to changes in the volume of the liquid, while the area coefficient of expansion relates to changes in the surface area.
The copper has a higher thermal expansion coefficient than the iron. The copper wants to get longer relative to the iron so the bar bends away from the iron strip. For example if iron is on top and copper on the bottom the bar bows downward. This seems opposite to your question conclusion
The coefficient of thermal expansion of air is approximately 0.00367 per degree Celsius.
Aluminum has a higher thermal expansion coefficient than copper because its crystal structure allows for larger atomic movements when heated. This results in a greater expansion of aluminum compared to copper when exposed to heat. Additionally, aluminum has a lower density and stronger interatomic bonds, leading to a higher degree of expansion when heated.
The coefficient of linear expansion for copper is 17 x 10^-6 per degree Celsius. Given the temperature change from 9.0 to 87 degrees C, the temperature change is 78 degrees C. Thus, the expansion of the copper pipe would be 10.000 * 17 x 10^-6 * 78 = 0.01326 meters or 13.26 mm.
The coefficient of linear expansion (α) is one-third of the coefficient of superficial expansion (β), and the coefficient of superficial expansion is one-third of the coefficient of volume expansion (γ). This relationship follows from the dimensional analysis of the expansion coefficients in the respective directions.
The coefficient of volume expansion is the triple of the linear expansion coefficient. So with a volume expansion coefficient of 60×10^-6/°C, the linear expansion coefficient would be 20×10^-6/°C.
Eli Whitney after he developed the steam engine to allow for the coefficient of expansion per degree of temperature changes also called an expansion loop
That would depend on the temperature /pressure as the coeffient of expansion per degree
Since most metals are isotropic, the cubical coefficient of expansion is three times the linear coefficient of expansion. The linear coefficient of expansion is obtained from measurement and tables for the specific material which are readily available.
Liquids have two coefficients of expansion because they can expand in both volume (volume coefficient of expansion) and in area (area coefficient of expansion) when heated. The volume coefficient of expansion relates to changes in the volume of the liquid, while the area coefficient of expansion relates to changes in the surface area.
The material with the highest coefficient of thermal expansion is typically graphite.
The copper has a higher thermal expansion coefficient than the iron. The copper wants to get longer relative to the iron so the bar bends away from the iron strip. For example if iron is on top and copper on the bottom the bar bows downward. This seems opposite to your question conclusion
assuming it is pure copper and not an alloy, 17(k), 9.3 Co
The coefficient of thermal expansion of air is approximately 0.00367 per degree Celsius.