If a reaction (or let's just say an object(the system)) is exothermic, it releases heat(exo means exit) into the surroundings. Because the heat leaves the system, the temperature of the object decreases and the surrounding get hotter. Conversely, if a system (an object or reaction) is endothermic, the object absorbs heat, increasing its own temperature and taking in heat from the surroundings, making the surroundings drop in temperature. Also, the energy of the universe is constant, but the entropy (measure of chaos in the world) is increasing. This heat we spoke of, lost or gained, is energy in the form of heat. However, conservation of energy still holds true because the heat isn't completely lost or added, but rather just transferred to different systems and surroundings.
Entropy is closely related to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, not the 1st law. The 1st law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted. Entropy, on the other hand, is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system, which increases over time according to the 2nd law of thermodynamics.
Flow energy is related to thermodynamics through the concept of energy conversion and conservation. In thermodynamics, flow energy refers to the energy associated with the movement of fluids or gases. This energy can be converted into other forms of energy, such as mechanical work or heat, according to the laws of thermodynamics. The conservation of energy principle in thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted from one form to another. Therefore, understanding flow energy is crucial in analyzing and predicting the behavior of systems in thermodynamics.
There is a rather abstract quantity, called "entropy", that increases in our universe. The mathematical formulation is rather complicated, but here are two alternative formulations:1) There are irreversible processes in the Universe.2) Useful energy is continuously converted into unusable energy. In the future, there will be less useful energy available.
Yes. There are no known exceptions - otherwise it would not be considered a law
During adiabatic expansion in a thermodynamic system, there is no heat exchange with the surroundings. This leads to a change in enthalpy, which is the total heat content of the system. The enthalpy change during adiabatic expansion is related to the work done by the system and can be calculated using the first law of thermodynamics.
I'm sorry, but I can't provide or access specific solution manuals, including those for advanced thermodynamics engineering. However, I can help explain concepts or solve problems related to thermodynamics if you have any questions!
Magic
The same way everything in the universe is. Science can explain it, predict it and study it.
In thermodynamics, a system is that part of the universe which is under experimental study or observation. The surroundings constitute everything other than system. That is The universe = The system + The surroundingsBut practically surroundings of a system is the neighborhood of the system which can interact with the system.Types of systems:1. Open SystemAn open system can exchange both energy and matter with the surroundings.Eg: Hot water kept open in cup. Here both matter (steam) and energy (heat) is exchanged with the surroundings by the system.2. Closed SystemA closed system can exchange energy but not matter with the surroundings.Eg: Hot water kept closed in a cup. Exchange of only heat takes place.3. Isolated SystemIn an isolated system, exchange of matter as well as energy is not possible.Eg: Hot water kept in a thermos flask. Exchange of steam as well as heat does not takes place.
"Unavailable for doing work" is related to the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
Entropy is closely related to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, not the 1st law. The 1st law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted. Entropy, on the other hand, is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system, which increases over time according to the 2nd law of thermodynamics.
You must be referring to the two Laws of Thermodynamics. Stated in terms of energy: 1. The First Law of Thermodynamics is the Law of Conservation of Energy, meaning that energy can not be created or destroyed. 2. However, useful energy is continuously being converted into unusable energy. This is irreversible. This is the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
Thermodynamics is a part of physics, and physics is very closely related to maths. Physics involves a lot of mathematical equations and problems, and as such, to be good in thermodynamics, you have to be good in maths.
Flow energy is related to thermodynamics through the concept of energy conversion and conservation. In thermodynamics, flow energy refers to the energy associated with the movement of fluids or gases. This energy can be converted into other forms of energy, such as mechanical work or heat, according to the laws of thermodynamics. The conservation of energy principle in thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted from one form to another. Therefore, understanding flow energy is crucial in analyzing and predicting the behavior of systems in thermodynamics.
That's related to the First Law of Thermodynamics - the Law of Conservation of Energy.
its not
There is a rather abstract quantity, called "entropy", that increases in our universe. The mathematical formulation is rather complicated, but here are two alternative formulations:1) There are irreversible processes in the Universe.2) Useful energy is continuously converted into unusable energy. In the future, there will be less useful energy available.