Since an earthquake or seismic wave is a pressure or force wave (like sound waves), it requires a material in which to propagate. So, no earthquake waves can travel through a vacuum.
Light waves do not require a medium through which to travel. They will travel (propagate) perfectly well in a vacuum. Otherwise, light would not pass through the vacuum of space. It would be very dark here on earth as the light from the sun, moon and stars could not reach Earth through the vacuum of space.
Electromagnetic waves such as light can pass through material medium such as water, glass etc and at the same time it could pass through vacuum ie a medium of free space.
Sound waves need to cause vibrations in a medium in order to travel. Vibrations cannot be created in a vacuum, as there is no matter present.
If there was a vacuum gap.
Yes. The laser beam is a beam of coherent light. Just photons. Meanwhile the sound wave is travelling through a medium....which isn't really true of the photons, they'll travel whether there's a medium or not. There's essentially no interaction or interference between the two. Saying that I can think of ways you could detect sound waves using lasers...but I wouldn't worry about that - sound will travel just fine through a laser beam providing it still has a medium to travel through. i.e: a laser can be present in a strong vacuum but sound won't pass through a strong vacuum - at least not to any useful degree....but that's not the laser stopping it.
You create a vacuum in a lab, and then shine a light through it, and there is experimental proof that light travels through a vacuum. Alternatively, take the fact that light travels through space - if light could not travel through a vacuum, no light from the stars, the moon or the sun would ever reach our planet.
Light waves do not require a medium through which to travel. They will travel (propagate) perfectly well in a vacuum. Otherwise, light would not pass through the vacuum of space. It would be very dark here on earth as the light from the sun, moon and stars could not reach Earth through the vacuum of space.
Electromagnetic waves such as light can pass through material medium such as water, glass etc and at the same time it could pass through vacuum ie a medium of free space.
Sound (and vibration) are a wave system of sequential compressions and rarefactions of a material. These waves are mechanical and do need a substance through which to travel. They cannot travel through a vacuum.
Sound waves need to cause vibrations in a medium in order to travel. Vibrations cannot be created in a vacuum, as there is no matter present.
If there was a vacuum gap.
Could it be that the frequency of sound waves are to low?
The communication was done using radio signals which can be transmitted in a vacuum. Radio waves are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, as are light waves, x-rays and microwaves. Just as light from far distance stars travel through empty space and reach your eyes, so can radio waves travel through space to a radio receiver.
No. Sound requires a medium through which to travel, and to all intents and purposes Space is a vacuum. (It contains some gas and dust but at vanishingly low density.)
No. Yes, provided it is a vacuum that they could survive. A true vacuum in which there is no matter of any kind is a real stretch of physics, and only really exists in theory. What we call a vacuum is really just a strong negative pressure. Matter is still present. Even in the "vacuum" of space, there's still some matter.Answer No. Sound waves will not travel through a vacuum. There is a physics lesson explaining why in detail on this website http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/sound/U11L1a.html
Yes, a black hole could travel through space.
Yes. The laser beam is a beam of coherent light. Just photons. Meanwhile the sound wave is travelling through a medium....which isn't really true of the photons, they'll travel whether there's a medium or not. There's essentially no interaction or interference between the two. Saying that I can think of ways you could detect sound waves using lasers...but I wouldn't worry about that - sound will travel just fine through a laser beam providing it still has a medium to travel through. i.e: a laser can be present in a strong vacuum but sound won't pass through a strong vacuum - at least not to any useful degree....but that's not the laser stopping it.