Berkeley was a magnox gas cooled reactor in the UK. The design life was for 25 years. It started up in 1962 and closed down permanently in 1989, 27 years later. So this was within the design intention.
It is not known how much background the questioner has in the UK nuclear history and methods of operation. Regulation of the safety of nuclear power stations in the UK is the responsibility of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and its nuclear arm the Nuclear Installations Inspectorate (NII), government sponsored organisations that have the legal authority and indeed obligation to carry this out, and issuing licences to operate.
The licensee (generally owner) of each plant must produce safety reports to satisfy technical analysis by the NII, who may introduce additional requirements from time to time.
Towards the end of the 1980's it was realised that the earlier magnox reactors were approaching end of design life, and the NII asked for Long Term Safety Reviews (LTSR's) to be prepared to justify continuing operation. The background to this can be appreciated by studying document http://www.hse.gov.UK/nuclear/magnox.pdf which can be looked up on the internet. Appendix B gives information about the sort of matters of concern to NII. Para 47 of the report is specific to Berkeley. As stated, a number of hardware modifications and complex in-service inspections would have been required by March 1989. Appendic C gives a summary of what was required for Bradwell, another magnox reactor of identical age to Berkeley, but different layout of the primary gas circuit, to illustrate the sort of thing being required.
In the case of Berkeley, the licensee (then the CEGB) decided that the economic realities were that to achieve the required changes would be uneconomic in terms of the benefits of continued operation, and so the plant was permanently shutdown. It is important to realise that the plant was not shutdown because of an existing safety defect, but because it would not have been economically worthwhile to achieve the new requirements.
If the questioner is really into studying this further, Ref 1 of the above HSE report should be obtained. This is listed as 'HSE Books 1988' and has ISBN ref 0 11 883985 3. The publisher is not given, but HSE should be able to help.
The power station delivers electricity to houses through a network of power lines and transformers. The electricity is transmitted at high voltages over long distances through transmission lines, which are then stepped down to lower voltages by transformers before being distributed to individual homes through power lines.
A gas power station is considered good because it is more environmentally friendly compared to coal plants, as it produces fewer emissions. It also provides a reliable source of electricity and can quickly ramp up or down to meet fluctuating demand. Additionally, gas power stations are often more efficient in converting fuel to electricity compared to other fossil fuel plants.
It is safely disposing of the bits of a burned out power station. (As nuclear fission gives off neutrons, anything near a nuclear fission reaction itself becomes radioactive over time, so it is a big job to take down a power station safely)
Yes, nuclear power plant can be shut down.
The moderator used in the nuclear reactor at Madras Atomic Power Station in Kalpakkam is usually heavy water (deuterium oxide) or light water (ordinary water). These moderators are important for slowing down neutrons produced during nuclear fission reactions to sustain the chain reaction in the reactor.
¥There was a leak of dangerous gas from Hinkley point B nuclear power station in 2004.¥In 1986 the Chernobyl nuclear power station in the Ukraine suffered a melt down. This led to 56 deaths.
electrical power from the power plant to consumer goes through the transmission & distribution system, first we transmit the high voltage power from the power plant to sub station in sub station we step down the voltage according to need & distribute it to the demand.
C + O2 -> CO2
the amount of water needed to cool down a a nuclear power station
Sub station generally means an electrical sub station where in there are high voltage incoming transmission lines and few step down transformers with associated power devices for further power distribution.
Down By The Station was created in 1948.
It is a step down transformer which is used to supply the electrical power to the station transformers and the colony transformers
down byv the station note names for trumpets
Clifton Down railway station was created in 1874.
Whitchurch Down railway station ended in 1962.
Whitchurch Down railway station was created in 1906.
Worthy Down railway station was created in 1943.