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When you heat a material, you cause the molecules to vibrate with more kinetic energy. So think of the Mercury as a group of people standing as close to each other as possible. If you add heat to this group (which can be represented by the people starting to wiggle their bodies and flail their arms) the group will start to take up more and more space depending on how much extra wiggling they do. This is a good comparison to the molecules of mercury. As they are heated, they vibrate with larger oscillations. This will mean they need more room to "wiggle", hence the mercury will expand.

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Oil does expand when heated and contracts when cooled.


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Change in temperature is what cause the Mercury to expand up (hotter) or shrink down (colder).


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The word equation for heated mercury is "mercury reacts with oxygen to form mercury oxide."


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