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The Open Pool Australian Lightwater (OPAL) reactor is mainly used to produce radioisotopes for medical use (nuclear medicine). It also performs irradiation services and is used for neutron beam research. Although the fission process does generate heat, the facility is not used to generate power mainly due to political reasons. Australia made the decision not to build power reactors, though there was at one time a proposal to build one at Jervis Bay.

Australia has a large amount of cheap black coal and generates most of it's power in coal burning power stations. The black coal is slightly more efficient than most of the world's brown coal.

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