What is the difference between international cooperation improper so-called and international cooperation properly so-called?

Answer 1

Improperly so called international cooperation are all those forms which are characterised by secret treaties and struggle for dominance by the members involved. This could openly be seen in the early co operations among European countries where each had secret plan for the aim of dominating the others. This is what led to the outbreak of the World's greatest wars.

Properly so called organisations are those in which the members have similar goals to attain through the cooperation, there exist trust among members. This leads to equitable distribution of of costs to all member countries in the cooperation.

Answer 2

International cooperation improper so-called refers to when countries cooperate informally without following established protocols or frameworks. International cooperation properly so-called involves countries working together within agreed-upon structures, such as treaties or organizations, to address common challenges and achieve shared goals through formal agreements and processes.