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Techniques of managing political behavior.

a)

Open communication also can constrain the impact of politi­cal behavior. For instance, open communication can let everyone know the basis for allocating resources, thus reducing the amount of political behavior. When communication is open, it also makes it more difficult for some people to control information and pass along gossip as a political weapon.

b)

Avoiding favoritism is a potent way of minimizing politics within a work group. If group members believe that getting the boss to like them is much less important than good job performance in obtaining rewards, they will try to impress the boss through task-related activities.

c)

Setting good examples at the top of the organization can help reduce the fre­quency and intensity of organizational politics. When leaders are nonpolitical in their actions, they demonstrate in subtle ways that political behavior is not wel­come. It may be helpful for the leader to announce during a staff meeting that de­vious political behavior is undesirable and unprofessional.

d)

Another way of reducing the extent of political behavior is for individuals and the organization to have goal congruence, i.e., share the same goals, with thorough understanding of what they mean. If political behavior will interfere with the company and individuals achieving their goals, workers with goal congruence are less likely to play office politics excessively.

e)

Politics can sometimes be constrained by a threat to discuss question­able information in a public forum. People who practice devious politics usually want to operate secretly and privately. They are willing to drop hints and innuen­does and make direct derogatory comments about someone else, provided they will not be identified as the source. An effective way of stopping the discrediting of others is to offer to discuss the topic publicly.

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