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The Norwegian electoral system is based on the principles of direct election and proportional representation in multi-member electoral divisions. Direct election means that the electors vote directly for representatives of their constituency by giving their vote to an electoral list. Proportional representation means that the representatives are distributed according to the relationship to one another of the individual electoral lists in terms of the number of votes they have received. Both political parties and other groups can put up lists at elections.

In the case of parliamentary elections Norway is divided into 19 constituencies corresponding to the counties, including the municipal authority of Oslo, which is a county of its own. The number of members to be returned to the Storting is 169. The members are allocated to the constituencies according to the area of the county and the size of its population. Nineteen seats - one seat from each county - are allocated as seats at large.

In the case of local government elections members are returned to municipal councils and county councils. Each municipal authority and each county represents one electoral division. The rules governing how many members are to be returned are laid down in the Local Government Act. The county/municipal council itself lays down the number of members within statutory minimum figures in relation to the size of the population of the county/municipal authority area.

The electoral term is four years for all elections. Elections to municipal and county councils are conducted at the same time and are held midway in the electoral term of the Storting. Election Day is fixed by the King to a Monday in September, usually in one of the first two weeks of the month.

The Constitution has some fundamental provisions concerning parliamentary elections. The detailed provisions for the conduct of both parliamentary and local government elections are contained in the Representation of the People Act 2000 (Act No. 57 of 28 June 2002). Regulations have also been issued and these contain further provisions in some areas.

The local and county authorities have a long tradition as local democratic bodies. Expectations are made of them as democratic bodies, service bodies and as executors of nationally decided policies. They shall also have an independent role with room for local political participation. Local democracy is closely connected with local self government. Only through freedom from the state can local residents - through the local and country authorities - exercise influence over important decisions that apply to their own local community.

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11y ago

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