The Medici family.
Medici
Voting is the most powerful act of political participation
It was more "who" and not what. In this time in Italy the cities were city states and controlled by powerful families. One of the most powerful families was the Medici of Florence. They had family members as popes, financiers, bankers, traders, and had their own army. They were the patrons of the arts and the church. They were a dynasty. They basically built Florence and when you go there today they are the statues in the squares and the palaces you visit.
The crown family
Germany, Italy
Medici, Cosimo, Borgias
Vanderbilts and other families became wealthy and powerful in America for different reasons. Most families made their money in growing businesses like oil, newspaper and railroads. Once the families had money, they were able to turn that into power.
In the independent republics of Italy during the medieval period, the most power often resided with the local nobility or influential merchant families, who were able to dominate the elected councils. These elites wielded significant influence through their wealth, political connections, and control over trade, allowing them to shape governance to their advantage. While councils were elected, the actual decision-making power frequently remained in the hands of a few powerful individuals or families, undermining the democratic ideals of the councils.
Italy,france,England etc.
The most powerful political party in Mexico preserve the idea of the Revolution by i actually don't know sorry folks
The most powerful person was the pharaoh as he was the political and religious leader of the Egyptian people.
Members of Rome's richest and most important families are referred to as the Mafia. The Mafia originated in the country of Italy.