Feudal Lords were the ones who swore loyalty in exchange for land. They controlled all of the land.
The Clergy swore loyalty to the Pope (apart from the king)
homage or loyalty
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Society during the time of King Arthur was typically organized into a feudal system, with the king at the top, followed by nobles, knights, clergy, and common people. Knights swore loyalty to the king in exchange for land and protection, while commoners worked the land and served their lords in exchange for protection and shelter. The clergy held spiritual authority and played a significant role in guiding the moral fabric of society.
Kings depended on their nobles and vassals to provide knights and soldiers for their armies. These nobles and vassals were granted land in exchange for military service and loyalty to the king.
In a feudal system, the king grants land, known as fiefs, to nobles in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and support. This relationship establishes a hierarchy where nobles owe allegiance to the king while managing their own vassals and lands. In return, the king provides protection and stability, ensuring the nobles can maintain their power and resources. This mutual dependency forms the foundation of feudal society.
Knights swore an oath of fealty to serve and protect their king, to uphold the code of chivalry, to defend the realm, and to be loyal and honorable in all their actions.
The king gave large estates to his friends and relatives. These estates known as the fief included houses, barns, tools, animals, and serfs or peasants. The king also promised to protect the vassal on the field or in the courts. In return the nobles who were granted the fiefs swore an oath of loyalty to the king. The nobles promised never to fight against the king. They also had to give the king whatever he asked for. The king may ask for men to fight a war, money, or advice. The nobles also gave the king a place to stay when he traveled.
The king gave large estates to his friends and relatives. These estates known as the fief included houses, barns, tools, animals, and serfs or peasants. The king also promised to protect the vassal on the field or in the courts. In return the nobles who were granted the fiefs swore an oath of loyalty to the king. The nobles promised never to fight against the king. They also had to give the king whatever he asked for. The king may ask for men to fight a war, money, or advice. The nobles also gave the king a place to stay when he traveled.
Comitatus
The king gave large estates to his friends and relatives. These estates known as the fief included houses, barns, tools, animals, and serfs or peasants. The king also promised to protect the vassal on the field or in the courts. In return the nobles who were granted the fiefs swore an oath of loyalty to the king. The nobles promised never to fight against the king. They also had to give the king whatever he asked for. The king may ask for men to fight a war, money, or advice. The nobles also gave the king a place to stay when he traveled.
Feudal system, the use of feudalism.