What were two ways innocent III controlled monarchs?

Answer 1

Pope Innocent III exerted control over monarchs primarily through the use of interdicts and excommunications, which could effectively undermine a ruler's authority and influence over their subjects. He asserted the papacy's supremacy by asserting that kings were subject to the Church, thereby using ecclesiastical power to influence political matters. Additionally, Innocent III engaged in political alliances and supported certain monarchs while opposing others, further solidifying the papacy's role in European governance.