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Internal consistency can be measured using Cronbach's alpha, which assesses the extent to which items in a scale are correlated. Another common measure is split-half reliability, which involves dividing a scale into two halves and comparing the scores. Additionally, item-total correlations can also indicate internal consistency by assessing the relationship between individual items and the overall scale score.

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What are the three different cognitive consistency theories?

Balance theory: People strive for consistency in their beliefs and relationships to maintain psychological balance. Cognitive dissonance theory: People experience discomfort when their beliefs or behaviors contradict each other, leading them to change attitudes or behaviors to restore consistency. Self-perception theory: People infer their attitudes and beliefs by observing their own behaviors, especially when internal cues are weak or ambiguous.


What is a quality of a measure that leads to meaningful conclusions called in psychology?

Reliability refers to the consistency of a measure in producing the same results in repeated trials. In psychology, reliability is important as it ensures that the conclusions drawn from the measurements are stable and not influenced by random factors.


Different between alternate form and parallel form reliability?

Alternate form reliability assesses consistency between two different versions of a test, whereas parallel form reliability assesses consistency between two parallel forms of the same test. Alternate form reliability involves different content and format, while parallel form reliability involves similar content and format. Both aim to measure the consistency of test scores across different versions.


Why reduce cognitive dissonance?

Reducing cognitive dissonance is important for maintaining internal consistency and reducing discomfort. When we experience cognitive dissonance, it can cause stress and lead to negative emotions. By addressing and reducing cognitive dissonance, we can align our thoughts, beliefs, and actions to alleviate this discomfort and improve our overall well-being.


Why is validity harder to establish and evaluate than reliability?

Validity refers to the accuracy of a measure in assessing what it intends to measure, while reliability refers to the consistency of the measure. Establishing validity involves multiple factors such as construct validity, content validity, and criterion validity, making it more complex than evaluating reliability. It requires more evidence and validation processes to ensure that the measure is actually measuring what it is supposed to.