Types of trains

Answer 1

All training methods can be grouped into two categories

a] Training methods for operatives

b] Training methods for managers

Training methods for operatives include:

Vestibule Training - This involves creation of a separate training center within the plant that provides training for new employees. In this training, an experienced instructor is in charge and the training center creates working conditions similar to those in the plant.

Apprenticeship Training - Trainees work as apprentices under the direct supervision of experts for long periods of time, often from two to seven years.

Internship Training - This type of training is generally provided to the skilled and technical personnel, and is used for those with theoretical skills to gain practical skills or those with technical skills to gain theoretical knowledge.

Training Methods for Managers:

Observation Assignment - A newly recruited executive called "understudy" is made an assistant to the current job holder. He learns by experience, observation and imitation. If decisions are discussed with him, he is informed on the policies and theories involved.

Position Rotation - Training is rotated among different managerial jobs.

Serving on Committees - While serving on a committee, the executive comes to learn not only the various organizational problems, views of senior and experienced members, but also learns how a manger should adjust himself to the overall needs of the enterprise.

Assignment of special Projects - While working on special projects, the trainee not only acquires knowledge about them, but also learns how to work with and relate to other people holding different views.

Conference and Seminars

Case Study - A case is a written account seeking to describe an actual situation. The advantages of this method are more depth of thinking, more perception in a situation, greater respect for and consideration for the opinion of others.

Incident Method - A brief incident is presented to provoke discussion in the class. The group then puts questions to the instructor to draw out of him the salient facts and additional information needed to arrive at a reasonable solution or resolution of the case. This method draws the participants into discussion with greater emotional involvement.

Role Playing - The development of empathy and sensitivity is one of the primary objectives of role playing.

Laboratory Training (or Sensitivity Training) (T group Training) - Designed to increase the managers understanding of himself and of his own impact on others, the training takes the form of a group discussion with a leader trained in the technique. Behavioural, effectiveness in transactions with ones environment are the goals.

Answer 2

Trains... well you have a lot of those.

Let's start with Freight trains:

- You have Refrigerator trains, such as the Pacific Fruit Express train.

- Manifest trains are mixed goods trains. You can find boxcars of auto parts to full cars on those.

- Auto-Parts, well that's self explanatory. Trains that are pulling automotive parts.

- LPG Trains... trains that carry propane. Very dangerous if they get into derailments, but due to extra precautions, that's unlikely.

- Autoracks, these are tall cars that carry automobiles. They have layers of metal so that they car park rows of cars in each freight car. Most today have three racks and open on the ends.

- General Goods, anything you think you'd buy in a store. Usually made up of boxcars, centerbeams, etc.

- Locals, a railroad term given to trains that are only moving some cars around in a local area. Usually preformed by switch or road locomotives.

- Fast Freight, freight trains that go over 50 miles per hours.

- MoW, Maintence of Way, the train probably is going slow and can be a convoy of equipment that is maintaining the railroad track and right of way.

There are a few more, but not common ones.

Passenger Trains:

- Cross-Country, Trains such as the Empire Builder or City of New Orleans that operate across a country. (EXAMPLE: Amtrak Name Trains)

- Commuter, Trains that operate within a city or district to provide a service to city commuter. (EXAMPLE: California's Metrolink ; Chicago's Metra ; New Jersey Transit)

- Light Rail, trains that run on lighter rails that are trams, and or trolleys. They usually run on overhead wire and can sometimes run in the middle of roadways. They act as commuter trains, but are meant for more inner city work. (EXAMPLE: St. Louis Light Rail)

- Elevated, like light rail, but are designed like subway trains. Most run off of 3rd rail electric supply. As you guessed, they are elevated above roadways to prevent congestion and are assigned usually to inner city service. (EXAMPLE: Chicago El)

- Subway, trains that run off 3rd rail electric but go underground to prevent congestion. (EXAMPLE: New York City Transit Authority)

Hope that helps!