A patent artery is open. Codominance means one doesn't have more flow than the other. Antegrade flow is normal forward motion of the blood. Stenosis is narrowing, and these vertebral arteries aren't showing narrowing. It's just a big old paragraph filled with good news.
Antegrade refers to something moving forward or in the usual direction. In medical terms, it can describe the normal flow or direction of bodily processes, such as blood flow through the arteries. For example, an "antegrade approach" may refer to a procedure that follows the usual or forward direction of a blood vessel.
vertebral arteries
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The anterior portions of the brain are supplied by the internal carotid arteries. The posterior portion of the brain is supplied by the vertebral arteries.
The left & right vertebral arteries.
The right and left vertebral arteries join together to form a single basilar artery at the base of the skull.
Tranverse formamina
Oxygen and nutrients are provided to the brain via the carotid arteries and vertebral arteries.
The statement "The vertebral arteries are patent bilaterally throughout their course" indicates that both vertebral arteries, which run along the spine and supply blood to the brain, are open and unobstructed on both sides of the body. This suggests that there are no blockages or abnormalities affecting the blood flow in these arteries. A patent condition is essential for adequate blood supply to the posterior circulation of the brain.
The vertebral arteries are branches from the subclavian arteries that travel up the spine in the foramen transversarium and into the skull in the formen magnum. They fuse at the level of the midbrain to form the basilar artery and then the posterior cerebral arteries. They supply blood to the brainstem, cerebellum and posterior portions of the brain.
cervical vertebral c5-6
The major arteries involved include 1) the right and left carotid arteries, and 2) the right and left vertebral arteries.