Yes, the Hebrews are a people. Most of them stem from the tribe of Judah, one of Abraham's great-grandsons.
Genesis 14:13
And one who had escaped came and told Abram the Hebrew. And he dwelt by the oaks of Mamre the Amorite, the brother of Eshcol, and the brother of Aner. And these were Abram's allies.
Abraham (18th century BCE) was called a Hebrew (Genesis ch.14) because of his wider family.
Poetically, however, Abraham himself is called Hebrew because that name (Ivri) also translates to "the other side." Abraham was figuratively on "the other side" since he was the only monotheist (Midrash Rabbah 42:8) until his teachings took root. His ancestors and cousins had slipped into idolatry well before his time, as is evident from Genesis 31:30, 31:53, and Joshua 24:2. For that reason, Jews do not bestow on them the honorific title of ancestors despite the genealogical connection.
We credit Abraham as our first ancestor despite knowing exactly who came before, since it was Abraham who founded our beliefs. Thus, "Hebrews" is often used to mean Abraham and his Israelite descendants, instead of his wider family. In this sense it can refer to the Jewish people.
No, only Jewish men are Jews. Also, not all Jews are men, regardless of how disproportionately Jewish men might be photographed relative to Jewish women.
The Jewish home is considered to be Israel. All Jews are welcome there, and some Jews think that all Jews should live in Israel.
Hitler wasn't Jewish. If Hitler was Jewish, it wouldn't make any sense for him to kill all the Jews.
Wasserburger can be a German Jewish name, but like all German Jewish names, it can be used by both Jews and non-Jews.
Peters can be a Jewish name (if it is a name used by a Jewish family) but it need not be Jewish. The name is used by Jews and by non-Jews. Think of all those Scandinavians.
All of the apostles were jewish.
All Jews who are at least minimally observant.
Robin Williams ethnic background is Jewish. All Jews wherever their grandparents came from are still Jews. Being Jewish is not just a religion but also Ethnic.
Some do, some don't. Not all Jews are loyal to Jewish tradition.
Most likely all were Jews, may be Matthew was not.
yes they were they were all German Jews
Just like all non-Jewish customs, Santa is of no significance to Jews.