Detailed note on masarif of zakat?

Answer 1

{إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاء وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَفِي الرِّقَابِ وَالْغَارِمِينَ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ فَرِيضَةً مِّنَ اللّهِ وَاللّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ} (سورة التوبة: 60) " صدقے (زکاۃ )صرف فقیروں کیلئے ہے اورمسکینوں کیلئے اورانکے اصول کرنے والوں کیلئے اورانکے لئے جن کے دل پرجائے جاتے ہوں اورگردن چھڑانے میں اورقرض داروں کیلئے اوراللہ کی راہ میں اورراہرومسافروں کیلئے ,فرض ہے اللہ کی طرف سے اوراللہ علم وحکمت والا ہے"- -

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Quran says (Meaning English Trabslation):

"Zakah expenditures are only for the poor and for the needy and for those employed to collect [zakah] and for bringing hearts together [for Islam] and for freeing captives [or slaves] and for those in debt and for the cause of Allah and for the [stranded] traveler - an obligation [imposed] by Allah. And Allah is Knowing and Wise. " (9:60).

As zakah is a means of money passing from the hands of one person to another, who may benefit from it and dispose of it, and this is regulated by the general principles that are derived from the Qur'aan and Sunnah, we may say that in this sense zakah is indeed a part of the Islamic economic system; there are texts which explain the kinds of wealth on which zakaah is to be paid and the amounts due, and those to whom zakah may be given, and how it is to be paid. All that is well known.

It is also one of the means of achieving "social security", but in Islam social security is not limited solely to zakah, rather it is also achieved by other means, such as sadaqah (charity), waqfs, war booty and stipends from the bayt al-maal (Muslim treasury).

Zakat or Zakah (which is a kind of ritual charity) is an important pillar of Islam for the following:

• It purifies the heart of the contributor from selfishness and the greed of wealth.
• It purifies the heart of the recipient from envy, jealousy, and hatred.
• It purifies the property of the contributor and cleanses it from the shares that must distributed among the due beneficiaries.
• It purifies the society from ill feelings, corruption, and disintegration.
• It reduces the sufferings of the needy and poor members of the society
• It shows the general philosophy of Islam which adopts a moderate course between capitalism and socialism and between materialism and spirituality.
• It is a demonstration that Islam is not just ritual worships but has an equally important other social part that to do good deeds for the benefit of the society.
• It maintains the economic balance through movement of money from person to another, thus minimizing the unemployment via investing the money of Zakah in different projects.