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They were most likely astrologers (not in an occult way as today but more like modern day astronomers) probably from Persia (Iraq area in modern day terminology). Nowhere, however, in The Bible does it say there were three of them! This was assumed because they brought 3 gifts (see the start of Matthew's gospel ) of gold, frankincense and myrrh. It was very likely that there were more than three, probably a whole group, as they would have been safer travelling in numbers rather than as a small group. Another myth is the names given to them. 'Caspar', 'Melchior' and 'Balthazar' are the names given to them by Hollywood movies, but these were a medieval invention. Nowhere in the Bible does it give there names.

Their input into the birth stories, however, is important. First, because of the gifts - gold symbolising kingship, frankincense, symbolising divinity, and myrrh symbolising suffering. Second, Matthew includes this story as his gospel is very 'Jewish'; throughout his account he emphasises the prophecies about Jesus in the Old Testament, trying to persuade the Jews that Jesus is, indeed the Messiah. By including a story where even non-Jews ('Gentiles') come from afar to worship Jesus, he is emphasising that, although Jesus is King of the Jews, he is also King of all, whether Jew or Gentile.

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